Life safety. Methods for assessing the severity of work (the most important)

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Life safety. Methods for assessing the severity of work (the most important)

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4. METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE HARDNESS OF LABOR

The severity and intensity of labor are characterized degree of functional stress of the body. During physical labor, it can be energetic, depending on the power of the work. With mental work it can be emotional.

The physical severity of labor is a load on the body during labor, requiring mainly muscle effort and appropriate energy supply.

Classification of labor by severity produced according to the level of energy consumption, taking into account the type of load (static or dynamic) and the muscles being loaded.

Static work associated with the fixation of tools and objects of labor in a stationary state, as well as with the adoption by a person of a working posture. Work that requires the employee to be in a static position for 10-25% of the working time is work of moderate severity.

Dynamic work - the process of muscle contraction, leading to the movement of the load, as well as the human body itself or its parts in space. Energy is spent both on maintaining a certain tension in the muscles, and on a mechanical effect.

Labor tension It is characterized by an emotional load on the body during work, which requires predominantly intensive work of the brain to receive and process information. When assessing the degree of tension, ergonomic indicators are taken into account: shift work, posture, number of movements, etc.

Optimal working conditions provide maximum productivity and minimum tension of the human body. Optimal standards have been established for microclimate parameters and labor process factors.

Permissible working conditions are characterized by such levels of environmental and labor process factors that do not exceed the established hygienic standards for workplaces. The optimal and permissible classes correspond to safe working conditions.

Harmful working conditions are characterized by levels of harmful production factors that exceed hygienic standards and have an adverse effect on the body of the worker and (or) his offspring.

Extreme working conditions are characterized by such levels of production factors, the impact of which during the work shift (or part of it) poses a threat to life, a high risk of severe forms of acute occupational injuries.

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