Life safety. Effect of ultraviolet radiation (most important)

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Life safety. Effect of ultraviolet radiation (most important)

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19. ACTION OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION

Ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation) is not perceived by the organ of vision. Hard ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of less than 290 nm are trapped by a layer of ozone in the atmosphere. Rays with a wavelength of more than 290 nm (up to the visible region) are strongly absorbed inside the eye, especially in the lens, and only a small amount of them reaches the retina. UV radiation is absorbed by the skin, causing redness and activating metabolic processes and tissue respiration. Under the action of UV radiation, melanin is formed in the skin, which is perceived as a tan and protects the body from excessive penetration of ultraviolet rays.

UV radiation can cause proteins to fold. On this is based his bactericidal action. Preventive irradiation of premises and people with strictly dosed rays reduces the likelihood of infection.

Lack of UV adversely affects health, especially in childhood: with its lack, children develop rickets. Miners complain of general weakness, fatigue, poor sleep, lack of appetite. This is due to the fact that under the influence of ultraviolet rays in the skin, vitamin D is formed from provitamin, which regulates phosphorus-calcium metabolism, so the lack of vitamin D leads to metabolic disorders. In such cases, artificial ultraviolet irradiation is used both for medicinal purposes and for general hardening of the body.

Excessive ultraviolet exposure during high solar activity causes an inflammatory reaction of the skin, accompanied by itching, swelling, sometimes blistering and changes in the skin and deep-seated organs.

Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays accelerates skin aging, creates conditions for malignant cell transformation.

UV radiation from powerful artificial sources (luminous welding arc plasma, etc.) causes severe eye damage. A few hours after exposure, lacrimation, spasm of the eyelids, pain and pain in the eyes, redness and inflammation of the skin and mucous membrane of the eyelids appear. A similar phenomenon is also observed in the snowy mountains due to the high content of ultraviolet in sunlight.

In production conditions, sanitary norms for the intensity of ultraviolet radiation are established; it is mandatory to use protective equipment when working with ultraviolet radiation.

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