Life safety. Training and advanced training of engineering and technical workers to comply with regulatory requirements for occupational safety (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
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Life safety. Training and advanced training of engineering and technical workers to comply with regulatory requirements for occupational safety (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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59. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

Ensuring environmental safety on the territory of the Russian Federation, the formation and strengthening of environmental law and order are based on the operation since March 1992 of the Federal Law "On Environmental Protection" in combination with measures of organizational, legal, economic and educational impact. The law contains a set of rules for the protection of the natural environment in the new conditions of economic development and regulates environmental relations in the sphere of the entire natural environment, without singling out its individual objects, the protection of which is dedicated to special legislation.

Objectives of environmental legislation are: protection of the natural environment (through it and the protection of human health); prevention of the harmful effects of economic or other activities; improvement of the natural environment, improvement of its quality.

These tasks are implemented through three groups of norms:

1) environmental quality standards.

These include maximum allowable exposure standards (chemical, physical and biological): maximum allowable concentration of harmful substances, maximum allowable emission, MPD, radiation exposure standards, standards of residual chemicals in food, etc .;

2) environmental requirements to economic and other activities affecting the environment;

3) environmental protection and sanitary inspection authorities have the right to carry out environmental control and impose bans on the implementation of activities at all stages - design, placement, construction, commissioning of facilities, as well as bring the perpetrators to justice for environmental offenses. The organization of control over the state of the environment in the regions is entrusted to local authorities. At the same time, the state of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and soil near transport highways and enterprises is monitored by sanitary-industrial laboratories.

The mechanism for fulfilling these requirements is expressed in combination of economic methods of management with administrative and legal measures to ensure the quality of the natural environment.

economic mechanism environmental protection involves financing, lending, benefits for the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies in the calculation of taxes, which is a direct environmental incentive in the protection of the natural environment.

Decision goals environmental tasks are the rational use of natural resources, elimination of environmental pollution, environmental education and education of the entire public of the country.

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