Life safety. Protective screens (most important)

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Life safety. Protective screens (most important)

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45. PROTECTIVE SCREENS

Protective screen - a device with a surface that absorbs, reflects or converts radiation of various types of energy. It is used to protect against radiation (for example, radiation or thermal).

Heat shields are used to localize sources of radiant heat, reduce exposure to workplaces and reduce the temperature of surfaces surrounding the workplace. The weakening of the heat flow behind the screen is due to its absorption and reflectivity and there are heat-reflecting, heat-absorbing, heat-removing screens.

By degree of transparency Screens are divided into three classes: opaque (metal water-cooled and lined asbestos, alpha, aluminum screens) translucent (from metal mesh, chain curtains, glass screens reinforced with metal mesh; all these screens can be irrigated with a water film) and transparent (from various glasses: silicate, quartz and organic, colorless, colored and metallized, film water curtains, free and flowing down the glass, etc.).

Shielding of electromagnetic fields is also necessary, as they have zones of induction and radiation. There are shielding of magnetic, electric and electromagnetic (plane wave) fields. In most cases, the same dielectric medium (air) is located on both sides of the screen. When shielding a magnetic field, it is necessary to take into account the characteristics of the material from which the shield is made.

Used to protect against electromagnetic fields metal sheets, ensuring rapid field attenuation in the material. In many cases it is cost effective use instead of a metal screen wire meshes, foil and radio absorbing materials, honeycomb grids. The composition of foil materials includes diamagnetic materials (aluminum, brass, zinc). Radar absorbing materials are made in the form of elastic and rigid foams, thin sheets, loose bulk mass or potting compounds. Recently, ceramic-metal compositions have been used more often.

Shielding efficiency honeycomb grids depends on the ratio of depth to width of the cell.

Protection against ionizing radiation can be screens made of aluminum, plexiglass, glass several millimeters thick. An essential role is played by bremsstrahlung, which requires stronger protection.

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