Life safety. Emergency rescue work at chemical facilities (most important)

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Life safety. Emergency rescue work at chemical facilities (most important)

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55. EMERGENCY AND RESCUE OPERATIONS AT CHEMICAL FACILITIES

Rescue work should begin immediately after the decision to carry out urgent work; be carried out using personal protective equipment for respiratory organs and skin, corresponding to the nature of the chemical situation, continuously day and night in any weather, in compliance with the mode of activity of rescuers appropriate to the situation until the work is completed.

Pre-conducted reconnaissance of the emergency facility and the contamination zone, the extent and boundaries of the contamination zone, clarification of the state of the emergency facility, determination of the type of emergency (ES).

When carrying out rescue operations medical assistance is provided to the injured, they are evacuated to medical centers; localization, suppression or reduction to the minimum possible level of impact of damaging factors arising during an accident is carried out. At the same time, search and rescue operations are carried out in the contaminated zone by a continuous visual inspection of the territory, buildings, structures, workshops, vehicles and other places where people could be at the time of the accident, as well as by interviewing eyewitnesses and using special devices in case of destruction and blockages .

Rescue work in the contaminated zone is being carried out with the mandatory use of personal protective equipment for skin and respiratory organs.

When rescuing the injured at chemically hazardous facilities are taken into account the nature, severity of the lesion, the location of the victim and the release of victims under the rubble of destroyed buildings and technological systems, as well as in damaged blocked premises; emergency termination of exposure to hazardous chemicals (OHS) on the body through the use of personal protective equipment and evacuation from the contaminated area; providing first aid to victims; evacuation of the injured to medical centers and institutions for the provision of medical care and further treatment.

Held localization of the emergency and the focus of the lesion by cessation of releases of OHV; creation of ascending heat flows in the direction of movement of the OHV cloud; dispersion and displacement of the OHV cloud by the gas-air flow; restrictions on the area of the strait and the intensity of OHV evaporation; collection (pumping) of OHV into reserve tanks; cooling the OHV strait with solid carbon dioxide or neutralizing substances; backfilling of the strait with bulk substances; thickening of the strait with special compounds, followed by neutralization and removal; burning the strait.

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