Charging batteries with asymmetric current. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Automobile. Batteries, chargers
Comments on the article
Significantly better battery performance can be achieved if they are charged with an asymmetric volume. A diagram of a charging device that implements this principle is shown in the figure.
With a positive half-cycle of the input AC voltage, the current flows through the elements VD1, R1 and is stabilized by the diode VD2. Part of the stabilized voltage through a variable resistor R3 is fed to the base of the transistor VT2. Transistors VT2 and VT4 of the lower arm of the device work as a current generator, the value of which depends on the resistance of the resistor R4 and the voltage based on VT2. The charging current in the battery circuit flows through the elements VD3, SA1.1, PA1, SA1.2, the battery, the collector drop of the transistor VT4, R4.
With a negative half-cycle of alternating voltage on the VD1 diode, the operation of the device is similar, but the upper arm works - VD1 stabilizes the negative voltage, which regulates the current flowing through the battery in reverse voltage (discharge current).
The RA1 milliammeter shown in the diagram is used during the initial setup, later it can be turned off by moving the switch to another position.
This charger has the following advantages: 1. Charging and discharging current can be adjusted independently. Therefore, in this device it is possible to use batteries with different energy intensity. 2. In case of any loss of AC voltage, each of the arms closes and current does not flow through the battery, which protects the battery from spontaneous discharge.
In this device, from domestic elements, it can be used as VD1 and VD2 - KC133A, VT1 and VT2 - KT315B or KT503B. The remaining elements are selected depending on the charging current. If it does not exceed 100 mA, then KG3 or KT4 with any letter indices should be used as transistors VT815 and VT807 (placed on a heat sink with a heat-dissipating surface area of 5 ... 15 sq. cm), and as diodes VD3 and VD4 - D226 , KD105 also with any letter indices.
See other articles Section Automobile. Batteries, chargers.
Read and write useful comments on this article.
<< Back
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
Artificial leather for touch emulation
15.04.2024
In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>
Petgugu Global cat litter
15.04.2024
Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>
The attractiveness of caring men
14.04.2024
The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>
| Random news from the Archive Why does my head hurt after cold water?
02.05.2012
Many people from time to time experience short-term penetrating pain in the temples after eating ice cream or other heavily chilled food. Until now, experts were at a loss as to the causes of this phenomenon.
Earlier work showed that the described phenomenon is more often observed in people prone to migraines. Based on this, researchers at Harvard University suggested that some common mechanisms or causes may underlie these two pain sensations, and decided to use the phenomenon of “brain freeze” to study headache.
Headache is extremely difficult to study because its episodes cannot be monitored from start to finish. Migraine-causing drugs may have unwanted side effects, so their use for research purposes is unacceptable. At the same time, pain syndrome caused by cold food is very easy to initiate in the laboratory, and it also stops quickly, making it an ideal model for studying headache.
The scientists asked 13 healthy volunteers to sip ice-cold water through a straw so that it hits the sky, and raise their hands up when the sensation of pain in the temples appeared and disappeared.
Ultrasound monitoring of participants' cerebral circulation showed that the cause of pain in the temples was increased blood flow in the anterior cerebral artery, located in the middle of the brain behind the eyeballs, leading to an increase in the size of this vessel. With subsequent compensatory contraction of the artery walls, the pain disappeared.
Researchers believe that the expansion and subsequent rapid contraction of the artery are self-defense mechanisms of the brain. The brain is very sensitive to changes in temperature, therefore, when there is a threat of hypothermia, vasodilation provides additional flow of warm blood into its tissues. This is accompanied by fever and painful blood pressure. However, the vessel is reduced, preventing the increase in pressure to critical values.
If other types of headaches are based on similar mechanisms, then drugs that prevent vasodilation or contribute to their reduction can be used to combat them. However, scientists have yet to figure out this issue.
|
Other interesting news:
▪ Electrical Brain Stimulation Improves Cognitive Ability
▪ Wasps can recognize each other
▪ Home CHP
▪ Buildings of the future
▪ Fluid Robot Material
News feed of science and technology, new electronics
Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:
▪ site section Power supply. Article selection
▪ article Gumilyov Lev Nikolaevich. Famous aphorisms
▪ What was France like in the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries? Detailed answer
▪ Jaboticaba article. Legends, cultivation, methods of application
▪ article Shortened 160 meter antenna. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
▪ Periscope article. physical experiment
Leave your comment on this article:
All languages of this page
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua
2000-2024
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese