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Electrical Brain Stimulation Improves Cognitive Ability

05.06.2023

American researchers conducted a meta-analysis of 102 scientific papers on the effects of non-invasive electrical brain stimulation and concluded that the procedure improves cognitive abilities in both healthy adults and the elderly and patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.

Rhythmic fluctuations in the neuronal activity of the brain are one of the most characteristic factors associated with cognitive abilities. Violations of these fluctuations are associated with differences in mental abilities between people, as well as with such deviations as autism spectrum disorders or schizophrenia. In some cases, it is possible to normalize this brain activity through electrical stimulation of the brain with alternating current transcranially - from the outside through the scalp and skull.

This treatment technique has been actively studied in recent years, but data on its effectiveness are scattered. To combine them and draw conclusions began scientists at Boston University with American colleagues.

The researchers analyzed the results of 102 scientific papers on the topic of transcranial electrical stimulation, in which a total of 2893 adult volunteers took part. The participants included both healthy and patients with depression, schizophrenia, cognitive impairment and other neuropsychiatric disorders.

The procedure was found to modestly improve aspects of cognitive function such as working and long-term memory, attention, intelligence, and executive functions. Moreover, the result concerned both participants with disabilities and healthy people, including the elderly. Therefore, the study provides new arguments in favor of further studies of the possibility of using transcranial electrical stimulation to improve mental abilities in humans.

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