36. THE CONCEPT OF ORGANIZED CRIME, ITS SIGNS

Organized crime - the most destructive element of crime for the state and society. It has a controlling effect on the development of its other structural elements, significantly affects not only economic, but also social, moral-psychological, socio-cultural processes in society. Various social strata of society are involved in organized crime.

Organized crime has enormous financial and economic opportunities that are not controlled by either the state or society. It has at its disposal its own system of internal management and opposition to the state in the interests of obtaining super profits by robbing the state and society. Within the framework of organized crime, combat formations, specific power structures, equipped with modern material and technical means, have been created. Criminal formations are able to contain specialists from various fields of economic and scientific activity, consultants on legal and other issues. Organized crime currently has a fairly strong and influential position in government agencies, including health care, a powerful apparatus for lobbying their interests in representative government.

Organized crime - a relatively new object of study for domestic criminology. It should be noted that it is impossible to define the numerous types of organized crime caused by various factors, including ethnic and economic ones, with one wording. However, in general, this phenomenon can be characterized as complex criminal activities carried out on a large scale by organizations and other groups with an internal structure, which receive financial profit and acquire power through the creation and exploitation of markets for illegal goods and services. These are crimes that often transcend state borders, involving not only public and political corruption, bribery or collusion, but also threats, intimidation and violence.

Organized crime is also defined as a process of rational reorganization of the underworld, similar to legitimate business activities in legitimate markets. However, criminal business activities, in pursuit of their goals, engage in such specific illegal activities as dealing in illegal goods and services, monopolizing the market, using corruption and intimidation against competitors and law enforcement agencies in order to reduce the risk of prosecution.

UN experts divide organized crime into several types:

1) mafia families - existing on the principle of hierarchy. They have their own internal rules of life, norms of behavior and are distinguished by a wide variety of illegal actions;

2) professionals - organizations of this kind are fickle and do not have such a rigid structure as organizations of the traditional type.

Author: Selyanin A.V.

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