Криминология. Личная (антропологическая) виктимность. Типы виктимного поведения (самое важное)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Криминология. Личная (антропологическая) виктимность. Типы виктимного поведения (самое важное)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Table of contents (expand)

11. PERSONAL (ANTHROPOLOGICAL) VICTIMINITY. TYPES OF VICTIM BEHAVIOR

Personal (anthropological) victimization - the predisposition of a person to become, under certain circumstances, a victim of a crime or the inability to avoid a danger where it was preventable.

Victimization consists from the individual and the situation. Moreover, the characteristics of the individual depend on the situation.

Personal victimization - the state of vulnerability of a person, arising from his interaction with external factors and consisting in the realization or non-realization of his inherent qualities in the course of committing a crime against him.

Personal victimization depends from subjective and objective predispositions and acts as an inability to resist the criminal. Its nature is determined by the number of victims of crimes and the characteristics of the persons against whom the crimes are committed.

Victimology studies the personal qualities and behavior of victims.

Victim - an individual who has suffered physical, moral or material harm due to a crime. Any victim or victim of a crime, both potential and actual, has qualities that make him vulnerable.

Victims of crime are classified:

1) according to the content of the subjective side - victims of intentional or careless crime;

2) according to the direction of the criminal encroachment - victims of crimes of a homogeneous object and certain types of crimes;

3) by the nature of the harm caused - material, moral and physical;

4) according to the degree of awareness of the onset of the consequences - aware and in the dark;

5) by type of relationship with the offender - random, indefinite and definite;

6) according to the role of the victim - neutral, accomplices, provocateurs;

7) according to psychological criteria - with pronounced moral and psychological characteristics and with deviations in the psyche;

8) according to biophysical characteristics, i.e. gender, age, state at the time of the crime;

9) victims of crimes - potential, real and latent.

Personal victimization includes: motives, goals, intent or negligence of the victim, determining his contribution to the mechanism of causing harm, perception, awareness and attitude to the results of victimization.

Types of victim behavior:

1) active - the behavior of the victim provoked the crime;

2) intensive - the victim's action is positive, but led to a crime;

3) passive - the victim does not resist.

Depending on the behavior of the victim, criminal situations are:

1) inching nature - the victim provokes the offender to commit a crime, which is expressed in attack, insult, infliction of offense, humiliation, incitement, threat;

2) inching nature - in this case, the behavior of the victim is not provocative, but is associated with the violent actions of the criminal turning towards him;

3) not jerky - in which the behavior of the victim creates the possibility of committing a crime, although it does not act as an impetus;

4) closed - when the actions of the victim are aimed at causing harm to themselves without the intervention of another person.

Author: Selyanin A.V.

<< Back: Criminological victimology: goals and objectives, directions of victimological knowledge

>> Forward: The concept and types of criminological victimization

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ General biology. Crib

▪ Consumer behavior. Crib

▪ History of medicine. Crib

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Football field in one gram of the substance 09.10.2018

Chemists from Dresden have created a material with a record porosity - one gram of such a substance has a surface area larger than the area of an entire football field, and this, for a minute, is more than 7 square meters.

The substance was named DUT-60. It has the largest internal surface area of any solid material known today: 7 square meters per gram of substance. This ultraporous substance belongs to the class of metal-organic framework structures. The structure of such materials consists of metal ions or their small clusters, which are interconnected by long organic molecules. It turns out something like cells of plasticine balls, fastened together with thin knitting needles.

The problem of creating such materials is that when you try to make an increasingly openwork structure, at some point this structure "collapses" - it loses its internal structure, and after that, its internal surface. Such an ultraporous structure can be stabilized by placing it in a liquid. But to dry it, retaining its original shape, as a rule, does not work. Here you can draw an analogy with an algae: if you take it out of the water, it immediately sticks together and turns into a sticky green mass, not at all like the beautiful plant that floated in the water.

To solve this problem, German chemists first calculated the proposed structure of DUT-60 on a computer, proving its theoretical possibility. And only five years later they managed to reproduce it, as they say, live.

The complexity and laboriousness of synthesis make this material extremely expensive, and the quantities in which it was obtained are very, very small - tens of milligrams. However, the first place is the first place, and it's worth it. Moreover, this is not just a record for the sake of a record, but also the prospect of creating useful materials.

Other interesting news:

▪ Toshiba High Capacity 3,5" SATA Hard Drives

▪ Antivirus necklace

▪ Abnormally high temperature recorded at the North Pole

▪ Diamond cutting robot

▪ PHILIPS DVP 630: budget DVD player for the Russian market

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Medicine. Selection of articles

▪ article Whatever a fool does, he does everything wrong. Popular expression

▪ article How did the Pauli effect prevent the Pauli prank itself? Detailed answer

▪ article Working on a wood cutting unit. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article Energy from garbage. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Lithuanian proverbs and sayings. Large selection

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews