32. CRIMINOLOGICAL INFORMATION: CONCEPT, SOURCES, METHODS OF OBTAINING, REQUIREMENTS FOR CRIMINOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Criminological Information - information about crime and measures to prevent it. It is defined as content that eliminates the uncertainty of knowledge.

Criminological information meets three methodological requirements:

1) the completeness and comprehensiveness of information, non-compliance with this rule leads to a distorted view, serves as the basis for erroneous conclusions and recommendations.

Completeness of information - its complexity, sufficient for the analysis of crime and the results of the work of law enforcement agencies to strengthen the rule of law;

2) the timeliness of information is determined by the objectives of a particular study. Timely will be information coming from reporting data for the past period of time or obtained from studies of the previous fight against crime;

3) truth and reliability. Distortions of information during initial registration, during transmission for subsequent statistical processing, arising from a violation of the technological process of its processing, lead to incorrect judgments and practical conclusions.

Primary registration is carried out on cards that are uniform in form, the details of which contain a description of the event, fact, its general and special features. The person issuing the card fills in its details, fixing the information that is necessary for the subsequent analysis of primary accounting documents.

Control over the reliability of information is ensured at all stages of its collection, processing and analysis. It consists in a continuous or selective check of the filling of documents that duplicate the process of transferring information from them to machine media. Reliability is provided by unambiguity. To prevent adverse events in information processes, the terminology used in information collection documents is used.

The main sources of criminological information are:

1) statistical reporting on crime and the results of the fight against it;

2) the results of scientific criminological research.

Crime statistics are carried out:

1) the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, which keeps records and statistical processing of data on registered crimes and all identified law enforcement officers who have committed crimes;

2) the Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation - studies information about the progress of criminal cases and the main results of the work on the investigation of crimes;

3) The Ministry of Justice - maintains statistics on convicted law enforcement officers and on the results of the work of the judicial system. Criminal statistics contain information about the dynamics of crime, the composition of the perpetrators of crimes, and measures to combat crime. Statistics cover the facts of criminal manifestations, regular receipts of information, comparability over a long period of observation.

Statistical data are not enough to identify the causes of crime and develop measures to prevent it. Scientific criminological research allows to penetrate deeper into the subject of research, to develop specific recommendations for improving the effectiveness of measures to combat crime in the law enforcement system.

Author: Selyanin A.V.

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