Criminology. The relationship of criminology with legal and non-legal sciences (disciplines) (the most important)

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Criminology. The relationship of criminology with legal and non-legal sciences (disciplines) (the most important)

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3. INTERRELATIONS OF CRIMINOLOGY WITH LEGAL AND NON-LEGAL SCIENCES (DISCIPLINES)

There are many legal sciences, one way or another contributing to the fight against crime, they can be divided into indirect and special.

Indirect sciences are engaged consideration of the problem of crime superficially, without delving into it.

These include:

1) constitutional law - establishes the general principles for all activities of law enforcement agencies, the provisions on which all Russian legislation is built;

2) civil law - provides for civil liability, for example, for violation of copyright, for causing harm to a person in the framework of civil law relations, etc.;

3) land law;

4) administrative law;

5) environmental law;

6) family law;

7) labor law, etc.

The special sciences are:

1) criminal law;

2) criminal procedure law;

3) penitentiary law;

4) criminalistics;

5) criminology - includes various ideas about measures to combat crime, measures to influence the offender, methods, tactics for investigating specific types of crimes, etc. Criminology directly interacts with all of the listed sciences.

Initially connection of criminology with criminal law manifested itself in the fact that issues related to the subject of criminology were previously included in the course of criminal law, since criminology itself was recognized as only a part of this science.

Criminal law is the science with which criminology is most closely connected. Thus, the criminal law theory gives a legal description of crimes, the criminal, which are also used by criminology. The latter provides the science of criminal law with information about the level of crime, the effectiveness of crime prevention, the dynamics of the development of crime, forecasts for the future about the development and change of various negative social phenomena and other social phenomena.

Area of scientific activity criminology and criminal procedure is the law enforcement activity of law enforcement agencies aimed at eliminating the causes and conditions conducive to the development of crime.

Criminal executive law, interacting with criminology, examines issues directly about the process and order of serving a sentence, the adaptation of convicts in society, the effectiveness of the application of punishment, etc. Criminal executive law and criminology jointly develop recommendations for preventing relapse of crimes and increasing the efficiency of correction of convicts.

Forensic science deals with issues related to the methodology, tactics and techniques of investigating specific types of crimes. At the same time, criminology is entrusted with the duty to determine the direction of this forensic activity, based on information about the general trends in the development of crime and the increase in certain types of crimes, etc.

Author: Selyanin A.V.

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