41. CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIZED CRIME AND ITS PREVENTION

Organized crime aims to make profits and super profits. Therefore, mercenary crimes are the main ones, and all the rest are additional, committed in order to approach the main goal of organized crime.

Signs of organized crime:

1) the stable and sustainable nature of the implementation of criminal activity, expressed in the repeated commission of crimes or prolonged involvement in criminal activity;

2) the hierarchy of the criminal organization and the distribution of roles and functions between the participants, which are implemented in the performance of specific tasks, duties or in role behavior;

3) a variety of criminal activities with the leading role of economic, mercenary crimes;

4) financial base for the expansion of criminal activity, bribery of officials;

5) dissemination of the norms and traditions of the criminal world, training and formation of criminal personnel;

6) corrupt relations with official state structures in order to neutralize their activities, obtain the necessary information, assistance and protection;

7) professional use of the main state and socio-economic institutions in order to create external legitimacy of their criminal activities;

8) the establishment of their own rules of conduct, providing for severe punishment for their violation, contributing to the maintenance of discipline and unquestioning obedience;

9) armament;

10) formation of criminal organizations on a national or clan basis.

The main activities of organized crime:

1) penetration into the sphere of the economy through: a rapid increase in capital; legalization of funds in promising sectors of the Russian economy; combinations of violent crime and commercial activities;

2) illegal circulation of drugs, weapons and ammunition;

3) organized criminal activity in the field of high technologies and computer crimes;

4) illegal export abroad and exploitation of women, children, trafficking in minors;

5) organized criminal activity in the field of illegal migration;

6) theft and smuggling of antiques;

7) illegal car business.

In February 1992, the Main Directorate for Organized Crime (GUOP) was formed in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Its tasks: the fight against banditry, qualified extortion, corruption, criminal groups of general criminal and economic orientation, as well as leaders of the criminal environment.

It was supposed to create a committee to combat especially dangerous organized crime, which would carry out operational-search activities, inquiry and preliminary investigation of cases of such crimes as the creation or leadership of an organized criminal group, a criminal organization (community), terrorism, hostage-taking and others, if they are committed with the use of international relations, with the involvement of officials of federal government bodies.

Author: Selyanin A.V.

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