Criminology. Criminological characteristics of the personality of the criminal (the most important)

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Criminology. Criminological characteristics of the personality of the criminal (the most important)

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14. CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERSONALITY OF THE CRIMINAL

The structure of the offender's personality - the totality of its socially significant properties that have developed in the process of various interactions with other people and in turn make it the subject of activity, cognition and communication.

A number of sublevels are distinguished in the structure of the offender's personality:

1) material security;

2) mental development;

3) moral orientation and aspirations of the individual. All substructures are in certain relationships and interconnections and form the whole personality of the offender.

There is another version of the criminal personality structure, which includes the following elements:

1) socio-demographic:

a) gender;

b) age;

c) social status and occupation;

d) marital status;

e) place of residence (in the city, rural areas);

f) material and living conditions. Grouping by age allows you to establish the causes and age groups covered by criminal manifestations, and the social status and occupation (worker, peasant, student, unemployed, pensioner, etc.) - in which social groups crime is most common; Social status and occupation (worker, peasant, student, unemployed, pensioner, etc.) makes it possible to find out in which social groups crime is most common and to establish its causes;

2) educational and cultural - testify to his interests and needs;

3) functional-relational - belonging to a particular social group, interactions and relationships with other people and institutions, his internal attitude to these functions and life plans;

4) moral and psychological:

a) value orientation of the individual - attitude to social and moral values and various aspects of reality;

b) attitude to law enforcement standards and requirements;

c) a system of needs, interests, claims;

d) the chosen ways of satisfying them.

In this situation, it should be noted that any scheme will not ideally reflect and contain any specific features inherent in the personality of the criminal, because it differs from the personality in general not by the absence or presence of any components of its structure, but, first of all, by the content, orientation of certain components of this structure.

Directivity - the leading element in the psychological structure of the personality, it has a decisive influence on such elements as the amount of knowledge, the nature of the manifestation of biologically determined properties (temperament, inclinations).

Directivity - is crucial for determining the social type of personality. The fact that the choice of criminal behavior is generated by a certain originality of the personality itself is due to many criminological studies. This orientation determines the person's choice of the appropriate variant of criminal behavior.

A generalized personality characteristic can be used for planning and carrying out preventive work at the level of general social and special measures, as well as for planning an investigation.

Author: Selyanin A.V.

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