Instructions on labor protection during loading and unloading operations, movement and storage of materials

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions on labor protection during loading and unloading operations, movement and storage of materials

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safety requirements

1. Persons who have passed preliminary and periodic medical examinations and instructions on safe methods and methods of work are allowed to perform loading and unloading operations.

2. Persons not younger than 18 years of age, trained in safe working methods and having certificates for the right to operate the specified equipment, are allowed to operate lifting and transport equipment.

3. The head of loading and unloading operations must personally check the condition of the vehicles and the goods in them, choose a safe method of work.

4. Loading and unloading operations must be provided with special equipment and tools that meet safety requirements. Responsibility for the good condition of inventory and tools lies with the work manager.

5. The mechanized method of loading and unloading operations using cranes, forklifts and small-scale mechanization must be used for goods weighing more than 50 kg, as well as when lifting goods to a height of 3 m.

6. Adolescents should be allowed to carry loads only if these operations are related to the performance of their main work in their specialty and take no more than 1/3 of the total working time.

7. The maximum rate of carrying goods by hand with a flat and horizontal surface per person should not exceed, kg:

a) for female adolescents from 16 to 18 years old - 10;

b) for male adolescents from 16 to 18 years old - 16;

c) for women over 18 years old - 15;

d) for men over 18 years old - 50.

8. Places of production of loading and unloading operations must have sufficient lighting (natural and artificial). Illumination should be uniform without blinding effect of lamps on workers. The types of lighting fixtures for covered warehouses should be selected depending on the environmental conditions and the nature of the goods being processed.

9. It is not allowed to work on a crane if the wind speed exceeds the allowable value specified in the crane passport.

10. It is not allowed to find people and move vehicles in the zone of possible fall of goods during loading and unloading from the rolling stock, as well as when moving goods with lifting and transport equipment.

11. Before lifting and moving loads, the stability of the loads and the correctness of their slinging must be checked.

12. Ways of stowage of goods should provide:

a) the stability of stacks, packages and goods contained in them;

b) mechanized pick-up of the stack and lifting of the load by hinged grippers of handling equipment;

c) the safety of workers on or near the stack;

d) the possibility of using and normal functioning of protective equipment for workers and fire equipment;

e) circulation of air flows during natural or artificial ventilation of closed warehouses;

f) compliance with the requirements for the security zones of power lines, engineering communications and power supply units.

13. When loading and unloading packaged goods, their packaging should be used using pallets, containers and other packaging means. In packages, the goods must be fastened together.

14. Timber must be loaded into vehicles in packages, taking into account the possible increase in the density of the lifted load due to changes in the moisture content of the wood.

15. At the places of loading and unloading of timber, devices must be provided to prevent the collapse of timber.

16. Loading and unloading of bulk cargoes should be carried out in a mechanized way, excluding air pollution of the working area. When taking bulk cargo from a pile, the formation of a tunnel should not be allowed to avoid collapse.

17. When loading, unloading and moving heavy cargo, the following conditions must be observed:

a) in case of soft ground and uneven surface, boards, beams or sleepers should be laid on the path of movement of the load;

b) for rollers, use strong, even materials (undercarriage, pipes, etc.) of sufficient length, their ends should not protrude from under the transported load by more than 30 - 40 cm;

c) to bring the rollers under the load, use crowbars or rack jacks;

d) when moving a load down an inclined plane, it is necessary to use delay devices so that the load does not roll under its own gravity;

e) during the movement of the load, one should beware of rollers pushed out from under the load (in case of its accidental breakdown), it is forbidden to take the roller to shift it forward before it is completely released from under the load;

f) the rollers should be laid correctly and during the movement of the load make sure that they do not turn at an angle with respect to the direction of movement of the load. It is forbidden to guide the roller with your feet, it should be guided with a crowbar or a sledgehammer.

18. In order to avoid bruises or injuries, moving logs by hand during unloading and reloading is prohibited. You can move them only with the use of crowbars and gaffs.

19. Carrying materials on a stretcher along a horizontal path is allowed only in exceptional cases at a distance of not more than 50 m, and it is prohibited to use ladders and ladders.

20. When carrying boxes and similar items that have a flat base, which by its shape does not make it possible to easily lift them by the upper parts, it is necessary to lift these items with a crowbar, put a lining and only then lift them with your hands.

21. It is necessary to roll round loads (barrels, drums, etc.) on a horizontal surface so that the worker is behind the rolled object. Carrying a load on yourself is prohibited. It is not allowed that the barrels roll faster than the pace of the worker. Inclined planes or slopes, along which the load descends, must be strong enough and have devices that prevent it from slipping and rolling. It is forbidden for anyone to be in front of the load rolling down the inclined plane.

22. Bottles with acids and other caustic substances may be carried by hand only by two people and in appropriate overalls at a distance of not more than 20 m, provided that they are securely stoppered, tightly placed in baskets or boxes with strong and serviceable handles and bottoms. It is forbidden to carry bottles with acids and caustic substances on yourself, as well as to lift them by the neck.

23. Manual carrying of beams, logs, rails, etc. must be carried out with the help of pliers, and the turning of building materials and parts - with the help of special devices. The path of movement of goods must first be inspected and aligned. Lifting these materials vertically by hand is not allowed and must be mechanized.

24. Cylinders with compressed or liquefied gases are moved on two-wheeled carts, in cramped conditions - manually by two workers on special stretchers with curved handles when lifting the cylinder no more than 0,5 m from ground level. The design of carts and stretchers should include a device that fixes the position of the cylinder and prevents it from falling. Cylinder valves must be closed with safety caps.

25. To move heavy compact loads (products and materials) over short distances, it is necessary to use special rigging devices (levers, wags, rollers, etc.).

26. The movement of workers with cargo on the roof of buildings with a slope of more than 15 degrees is prohibited.

27. Crossings of workers with a load on protective visors, cornices and trimming of external walls, free-lying beams, rolls and filings of wooden floors, dismantled building lathing is prohibited.

28. The passage of workers with a load at the recesses (pits, pits, trenches) is allowed at a distance not closer than 1 m from the edge of the slope, taking into account the size of the collapse prism.

29. Manual transfer "along the chain" of small-piece cargo (brick, stone, etc.) is prohibited.

30. The transfer of used lumber should be carried out after cleaning them from nails and other metal fasteners.

Note: p.1.1. the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of March 14.03.96, 90 No. XNUMX "On the procedure for conducting preliminary and periodic medical examinations of workers and medical regulations for admission to the profession" is in force.

Agreed by the Central Committee of the trade union of medical workers, dated 06.09.85/41/XNUMX, protocol No. XNUMX.

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