History of Economic Thought. French dirigisme by F. Perroux (the most important)

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History of Economic Thought. French dirigisme by F. Perroux (the most important)

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74. FRENCH DIRIGISM F. PERROU

Early 1940s. Keynesianism has permeated French economic thought, with some economists (G. Ardan, P. Mendes-France) accepted Keynes's theory without any amendments. Other (F. Perroux), approving the idea of government intervention in the economy, were critical of Keynes's theoretical scheme.

They opposed the regulation of interest rates, considering the method ineffective. Instead, French economists have proposed a move to economic planningto ensure not only an appropriate pace of development, but also a change in structure.

F. Perroux tries to combine state regulation with the private interests of monopoly capital. He put forward concept of "three economies". F. Perroux entered into a debate with the neoclassicists, who consider the modern economy to be free, market. In his opinion, the place of free market competition (competition) was taken by relations of domination, or dominance. That's why F. Perroux calls the modern economy "dominant force". Let's say there are four companies. There is a relationship and interdependence between them. But one firm is free to the maximum extent in relation to others and is able to impose its decisions on them. Thus, the first firm acts as a dominant force in relation to others, and there is no free enterprise here.

Scheme of interactions and relationships of firms F. Perroux considers it universal, since it describes the relationship between monopolies and outsiders, holding companies and subsidiaries, in the EEC - between more developed countries and the periphery. According to this scheme perroux interprets the modern French economy, where there is no free competition.

In this case, we are talking about bourgeois concept of imperialism. Perroux rightly criticizes those economists who present the modern capitalist economy as freely competitive. However, if R. Gilferding, V. I. Lenin the main contradiction was considered as a class one, then for Perroux it is the contradiction between the periphery and the center. This conflict is less deep and therefore can be resolved through regulation. If a first economy - "dominant force" - not harmonized (each component block pulls the blanket over itself), then second economy Perra calls harmonized. This is a polarized system, where each constituent unit carries out its own policies, there is no unity between them, and hence instability arises.

The main proposal of F. Perroux: we need to create a global dominant force that would stimulate growth. This force is the state. To do this, we need to introduce indicative economic planning.

third economy called F. Perroux global. He talks here about the need to harmonize social relations. He sees the global conflict of modern society between those who receive income from labor and those who receive income from capital, from property. To resolve conflicts, Perroux proposes to make capitalists employees, so that the income of capital owners would become income from social activities.

Author: Tatarnikov E.A.

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