History of Economic Thought. Technocratic ideas of D. Galbraith (the most important)

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History of Economic Thought. Technocratic ideas of D. Galbraith (the most important)

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53. TECHNOCRATIC IDEAS OF D. GALBRATE

Major writings of John Kenneth Galbraith are: "American Capitalism: The Concept of Balancing Forces" (1952); "The Affluent Society" (1958); "The New Industrial Society" (1967); "Economic theories and goals of society" (1973); "Money. Where it comes from and where it goes" (1975).

Central to Galbraith's theory is the notion "industrial system", this is that part of the economy that is characterized by the presence of large corporations.

In the history of the American corporation Galbraith noted several stages:

1) entrepreneurial corporation (entrepreneur himself, manager, and engineer);

2) a managing corporation (the corporation becomes a management corporation);

3) technostructure corporation. Production becomes so complicated that not a single manager understands it. He only signs the papers that are prepared by specialists representing the techno-structure. This is a broad social group (design bureaus, scientists, engineers, economists, psychologists, craftsmen, individual skilled workers).

Technostructure in powerBy Galbraith, does not set as its goal obtaining maximum profit, which, in his opinion, determines the fundamental difference between a “mature corporation” and an entrepreneurial one.

Material incentives for technostructure is carried out through salaries, promotions, and this is achievable as the scale of production expands.

Galbraith emphasizes the peaceful nature of the techno-structure. It goes towards other layers and groups. Shareholders get higher dividends, workers get higher wages.

Galbraith believes that the technostructure embodies "organized activities", the "brain of the corporation" and, thus, rightfully possesses the most scarce factor of production - knowledge.

Galbraith denies the contradiction of capitalism and believes that within the industrial system the interests of the workers are increasingly consistent with the interests of the corporation, and class conflicts are only the object of a passionate dream of old-fashioned revolutionaries.

Developing a "scenario of the future" Galbraith is transition to "new socialism", including three main links:

1) comprehensive support for the “market system”;

2) the bourgeois nationalization of individual corporations and the expansion of the state sector in the economy;

3) creation of a system of "national planning". concept "socialism" he uses it as a corrective measure where there is a general low level of development, and as a means of controlling hypertrophied development.

Galbraith's New Socialism Scenario Implementation Program presupposes the influence of the modern bourgeois state on two main objects:

1) market system;

2) planning system.

He proposes different strategies for these two sectors of the capitalist economy. In his opinion, the state should treat the market system as a backward sector of the economy and provide it with comprehensive assistance.

Actually Galbraith's bourgeois-reformist concept means the implementation of a number of measures aimed at the further development of state-monopoly capitalism.

Author: Tatarnikov E.A.

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