History of Economic Thought. R. Heilbroner on the future of capitalism (the most important)

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History of Economic Thought. R. Heilbroner on the future of capitalism (the most important)

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54. R. HEILBRONER ON THE FUTURE OF CAPITALISM

Various predictions about the future of capitalism are put forward by a prominent representative modern institutionalism, famous American economist, sociologist, professor at the New School for Social Research in New York Robert Heilbroner.

He presents his concepts in books: "The Limits of American Capitalism and Socialism"; "Between capitalism and socialism"; "A Look at the Future of Humanity"; "The Decline of Business Civilization". Heilbroner is one of the ideologists of the widespread in the USA ecological current.

In his work, he describes many negative aspects of capitalist reality: unemployment, inflation, etc.

The reasons These phenomena, he considers, first of all, the spontaneous nature of the capitalist market, the competitive struggle.

The modern stage of development of capitalism - state-monopoly, he considers a qualitatively new stage based on the use of technology in the production process. In interpretations heilbroner reached state of the art defines the main features of both capitalist and socialist society. It is with this that he connects the possible convergence of the two systems.

root cause source of the Hale-Broner controversy sees in the clash of the scientific and technological revolution (NTR) and the elements of the capitalist market. Science and its representatives, scientific and technological revolution and its bearers are the forces that, in Heilbroner's view, "crush" capitalism.

Science as such and its bearers personify the germ of a new social system, which supposedly is already growing in the bowels of capitalism. Representatives of the technocracy form the privileged group that will lead the future society, designed to replace capitalism.

К elite groups Heilbroner refers the scientific and technical intelligentsia:

1) “professional experts”;

2) representatives of the academic world in the field of both social and natural sciences;

3) government administration, the growth of which is caused by the expansion of the public sector in the economy.

heilbroner calls representatives of the scientific and technical intelligentsia "the vanguard of the future society", who are now forced to be under the "auspices of businessmen", but will later get rid of it.

heilbroner does not concretize his model of the new system, his ideas about the future society are outlined rather vaguely. His scenario can be described as a technocratic variant in a highly vague way.

Modern society is undergoing a process of deep renewal, which is reflected in bourgeois economic thought, where one can single out two main processes:

1) growing attention to the problems of changing capitalism - imperfect competition, monopoly and oligopoly, the role of the state and its economic prerogatives, goals and methods of state intervention in economic and social processes, in general, to the reforms of the economic system;

2) deepening differentiation of political economy, the formation of the main directions that define it today.

Author: Tatarnikov E.A.

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