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Конституционное право Российской Федерации. Правовой статус вынужденных переселенцев в РФ (самое важное)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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35. LEGAL STATUS OF FORCED SETTLEMENTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The legal status of forced migrants is determined primarily by the Law of the Russian Federation "On forced migrants" (adopted in 1993, the current version came into force in 1995, with amendments for 2000). The agreement on assistance to refugees and internally displaced persons was concluded in 1993 between a number of CIS member states (it has been in force for Russia since 1994).

Unlike refugees, internally displaced persons Citizens of the Russian Federation are recognized who are forced (for approximately the same reasons) to move from a foreign state to the Russian Federation or from one subject of the Russian Federation to another subject of the Russian Federation, as well as foreign citizens and stateless persons permanently residing in the Russian Federation who are forced to change their place of residence within the Russian Federation. A forced migrant is also recognized as a citizen of the former USSR who permanently resided in the territory of a republic that was part of the USSR, received refugee status in the Russian Federation and lost this status in connection with the acquisition of Russian citizenship, if there were circumstances that prevented this person during the period of refugee status from settling in territory of the Russian Federation. A person applying for the status of a forced migrant shall apply with an appropriate application to the territorial body of the migration service at the new place of his stay. This body makes a decision on recognizing a person as a forced migrant, refusal to satisfy the relevant petition and recognizing a person as a forced migrant may be appealed to the court.

A person recognized as a forced migrant receives an appropriate certificate, independently chooses a place of residence on the territory of the Russian Federation, and can be sent by the migration service to a temporary accommodation center.

The functions of the federal executive body for the migration service are currently carried out by the Federal Migration Service, which is a structural subdivision of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

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Reliable nuclear battery 19.01.2014

Post-graduate student of Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) Dmitry Prokopiev has developed a nuclear battery that can work stably and without recharging for about 12 years and be used in medicine, military equipment and space.

"A 3D gallium arsenide detector is placed in a sealed case filled with tritium, which converts the energy of beta particles emitted by tritium into electric current. A huge number of wells are created in the detector. The total surface of the wells is hundreds of times greater than the area of ​​the detector, and due to this a nuclear battery can be effective," Prokopyev told reporters.

The graduate student noted that nuclear batteries of this type are known, where a silicon detector is used. "But the silicon detector degrades (loses its properties under the influence of radiation) during its use (silicon is not a radiation-resistant material)," the young scientist explained.

Prokopiev added that the power of his battery is much less than conventional batteries, but it can work without recharging for 12 years - this is the half-life of tritium. During this time, a battery with a gallium arsenide detector will retain its parameters, while the parameters of a battery with silicon detectors begin to deteriorate as early as three years after the start of work, the author of the development explained.

Prototypes of detectors, which are the basis of this battery, have been successfully tested at the Novosibirsk Institute of Nuclear Physics named after Budker, and at the Siberian Institute of Physics and Technology of Tomsk State University.

Prokopiev noted that such a battery can be used in various electronic devices that consume a small current, but are forced to work without replacing power sources for a decade, for example, in pacemakers.

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