Constitutional law of the Russian Federation. Financing elections in the Russian Federation (the most important)

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Constitutional law of the Russian Federation. Financing elections in the Russian Federation (the most important)

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52. FINANCING OF ELECTIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The normative basis for the procedure for financing elections in the Russian Federation is the Federal Law "On the Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right to Participate in a Referendum of Citizens of the Russian Federation", as well as the norms of individual Federal Laws and laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on various types of elections.

Expenses related to the preparation and conduct of elections appropriate level are made by authorized election commissions at the expense of funds allocated for these purposes from the relevant budget (federal budget, budget of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, local budget), and appropriations are provided for in the corresponding budget for the next financial year. If funds are not provided for in the budget, then the relevant election commission, and if it is not a legal entity (for example, a district election commission), then the election commission of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation can take a loan from a bank, which will be repaid by the corresponding budget.

In order to finance their election campaign, candidates, as well as electoral associations and blocs that have nominated lists of candidates, create special election funds. The specified election funds are created at the expense of the candidate’s (electoral association, electoral bloc) own funds; funds allocated to the candidate by the electoral association (electoral bloc) that nominated him; voluntary donations from citizens of the Russian Federation who have reached the age of 18 on voting day, and Russian legal entities, if the share of foreign participation, state (municipal) share in their authorized (share) capital does not exceed 30%, they are registered at least a year before the day voting in elections, as well as at the expense of funds allocated in accordance with the law to the relevant candidate (electoral association, electoral bloc) by the election commission; Such accounts are opened as a general rule in branches of the Savings Bank of the Russian Federation.

The electoral law establishes limits on own funds transferred to election funds candidate, electoral association (bloc); funds allocated to the candidate by the electoral association (bloc) that nominated him; voluntary donations of citizens and legal entities, as well as the maximum amount of spending from election funds. It is allowed to increase up to 20% the maximum amount of spending from the electoral fund of registered candidates included in the ballot during the repeat voting (for example, during the second round of elections of the President of the Russian Federation).

Electoral funds have special purpose and are used only for financial support of organizational and technical measures aimed at collecting signatures of voters in support of the nomination of a candidate, election campaigning, payment for works (services) of an informational and consulting nature, payment for other works (services) performed (rendered) by citizens or legal entities, covering other expenses directly related to the conduct by candidates (electoral associations, electoral blocs) of their election campaign, as well as for paying an electoral deposit.

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