Constitutional law of the Russian Federation. Constitutional status of the subjects of the Russian Federation (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
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Constitutional law of the Russian Federation. Constitutional status of the subjects of the Russian Federation (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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43. CONSTITUTIONAL STATUS OF THE SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The constitutional status of the subjects of the Russian Federation is determined Art. 5 and 66 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the constitution (charter) of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation. All subjects of the Russian Federation are named in Part 1 of Art. 65 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Subjects of the Russian Federation - republics, krais, oblasts, cities of federal significance, autonomous okrugs and an autonomous oblast - have equal rights. The republics have the right to establish for citizens of the Russian Federation permanently residing in the territory of the corresponding republic, in addition, the citizenship of this republic. The republics have the right, in addition to the state language of the Russian Federation, to introduce their own state language (in particular, along with the state language of the Russian Federation, legal proceedings can be carried out in it in some courts located on the territory of the corresponding republic).

The system of federal state authorities and state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation forms a single system based on the constitutional principle of delimiting the subjects of jurisdiction and powers between them (Part 3, Article 11 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation).

A change in the constitutional and legal status of a subject of the Russian Federation is carried out on the basis of a federal constitutional law, by mutual agreement of the Russian Federation and the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation.

Each subject of the Russian Federation has its own territory, the boundaries of which can be changed by the Federation Council with the consent of the corresponding subject of the Russian Federation.

The constituent entities of the Russian Federation participate in resolving general federal issues - the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation send their representatives to the Federation Council, have the right to legislative initiative and the right to request the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, approve constitutional amendments, etc.

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Telephone conversation excites the cerebral cortex 01.12.2006

Around two billion people in the world now regularly use cellular telephony, and by the end of 2006 an estimated 730 million units will be sold. But it is still unclear whether prolonged exposure to radio waves from an apparatus applied directly to the head does not harm the brain.

The new Italian study also does not allow us to answer this question, but provides interesting information for reflection. Fifteen young volunteers talked for 45 minutes on cell phones of one of the most common standards now - GSM-900. At the same time, their brain activity was monitored.

It turned out that in 12 of the experimental young men, the cells of the motor cortex of the brain in the place where the apparatus was applied became excited during the conversation and returned to normal only an hour after the end of the experiment. The motor cortex controls human muscle movements.

The experimenters do not say that the phenomenon they discovered is dangerous, but, in any case, experience proves that radio waves cause some kind of reaction in the brain. True, the researchers do not report what was discussed during the conversations. After all, there are topics that by themselves, without radio waves, very excite the cerebral cortex.

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