History and theory of religions. The impact of religious cult on believers (most important)

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History and theory of religions. The impact of religious cult on believers (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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53. The impact of a religious cult on believers

The influence of a religious cult on believers is carried out in several main directions.

One of these areas is the formation and renewal of stereotypes in the minds and behavior of members of a religious community. Cult actions themselves, as already mentioned, are stereotypes of actions embodying in symbolic form certain religious ideas, myths and ideas.

Each religious organization in the process of its evolution develops a whole system of cult stereotypes.

Religious rites are canonical, that is, they are not subject to any arbitrary changes. Any changes in the cult system are considered by the church as heresy, as a distortion of the "true faith". In the history of religions, numerous cases are known when the question of the order of cult actions became one of the main reasons for the split of the church.

Stereotypes of cult behavior suggest a certain repetition of them within different time periods: days, weeks, years. In Orthodoxy, for example, there are three so-called "worship services": daily, weekly (weekly) and annual. Such repetition of cult actions connects them with the cycles of labor activity, with certain seasons, and thus forms very stable cult traditions among believers.

Stereotypes of consciousness and especially behavior, which are developed in individuals in the process of repeating their cult actions, disappear very slowly. Sometimes it happens that the old religious beliefs are eroded and lost, but the traditions in the sphere of ritual behavior are preserved, and very steadfastly.

There are many people in Russia who do not have any deep religious beliefs, but a certain part of them celebrate religious holidays and fulfill some of the most important ritual instructions of the church. There are especially many such people among followers of Orthodoxy and Islam. The formal ritualism that is inherent cannot be considered, as some do, a harmless matter.

Through the system of rituals, a religious worldview penetrates into the consciousness of a person. It is not uncommon that the ideological "cultivation" of a person, his introduction to the community of believers, begins precisely with initiation into a cult.

The conservatism of the cult poses complex socio-psychological problems for modern churches. On the one hand, cult traditions, as noted, contribute to the formation and renewal of stereotypes of religious consciousness and behavior among the mass of believers. On the other hand, in the system of religious traditions, especially in such churches as the Catholic and Orthodox, there are many archaic elements that are alien to modern man.

Author: Pankin S.F.

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