History and theory of religions. Islamic Worship (Most Important)

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History and theory of religions. Islamic Worship (Most Important)

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37. Islamic worship

Every Muslim knows the Arabic sound and meaning of the Symbol of the religion of Islam: "La ilaha illallah wa Muhammadun rasulullah" - "I testify that there is no deity but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah." The threefold pronunciation of this formula in the presence of an official, and not necessarily in the temple, constitutes the ritual of accepting Islam. There is no catechesis: the convert to Islam is not required to undergo prior training in the basics of faith.

In everyday Muslim life, various verbal formulas are used, which are regarded as symbolic signs of loyalty to Allah. For example, the exclamation of Allahu akbar "Allah is the greatest" is both the battle cry of Muslim warriors, and everyday exclamation, and a common inscription on buildings.

In comparison with Christianity and especially Orthodoxy, Muslim worship may seem almost ascetically simple and monotonous. It is strictly regulated, there are no sacraments, chants, music in it. One of the five most important ritual duties of every Muslim is the canonical prayer-worship - salat (Arabic), or in Persian - prayer. Salat is performed five times a day, at certain hours (according to the sun). At the appointed time, a special minister of the mosque - a muezzin from the tower of the minaret or just a hillock calls the faithful to obligatory prayer. The call consists of several formulas, repeated without change. A Muslim can pray not only in a mosque, but also in any ritually clean place and on a special rug.

Prayer must necessarily be preceded by ritual ablution, for which special small pools are arranged near the mosque. Prayer is led by an imam - the primate at prayer, the spiritual leader, the head of the Muslim community. He reads prayers, the mullah says a sermon.

Ritual movements are very important. First, standing and raising his hands to shoulder level, a Muslim pronounces the formula of praise "Allahu Akbar!". Then, continuing to stand and putting his left hand into his right, the worshiper reads the Fatiha, the first sura of the Koran, in 7 verses of which the main tenets of Islam are contained. Then the worshiper bends down so that the palms touch the knees. Then he straightens up and raises his hands, saying: "Allah listens to the one who gives him praise." Then he kneels down and puts his palms on the ground. Then comes the climax of the ritual: the worshiper is prone on the floor (on the rug), and so that the nose touches the ground. Then the worshiper sits down without getting up from his knees, after which he again prostrates himself on the floor.

Author: Pankin S.F.

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