History and theory of religions. Codification of the Holy Scriptures (lecture notes)

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History and theory of religions. Codification of the Holy Scriptures (lecture notes)

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47. Codification of Scripture

The term codification is legal in origin; this is the systematization of laws in a single legislative code by eliminating inconsistencies, filling in gaps, and abolishing obsolete norms.

In the history of religion, codification is understood as an ordering of confessional books carried out by church authorities and accepted, approved by the church, including both aspects or levels of ordering - "micro" and "macro":

1) establishing the "correctness" of certain texts (i.e., the linguistic fabric of the text - its constituent words, statements, their order);

2) the establishment of a "correct" list of texts, that is, those works that form the canon.

These two tasks of codifying Scripture are usually solved at the same time.

In a number of religious traditions, part of the "correct" books, namely the books of Scripture, are recognized by the church as sacred. Sacred books form the religious canon of a given religion. The books included in the religious canon constitute the Holy Scriptures, the most important part of confessional literature.

The word canon has many meanings. In Greek kanon - at first it is a straight stick used as a ruler, that is, as a measuring tool to maintain the desired proportions, direction. However, the word early began to be used figuratively - in the meaning of "rules, institutions, recognized norms, patterns of any activity; guiding principle, basic provisions, dogmas of any doctrine."

In addition to canonical books, confessional literature includes many other kinds and types of church books, including Holy Tradition and other extremely important church texts.

Thus, the concept of "codification" in relation to confessional literature is broader than the concept of "canonization".

In the history of religious tradition, disputes about the canonicity or non-canonicity of certain works begin at a time when the teaching was basically formed or, in any case, reached its peak. There is a desire to "draw a line", to summarize the disparate, to bring into a system and prevent the ideological erosion of the doctrine.

The question of the canonicity of a work was decided depending on the religious authority of its author. The older the work, the earlier the author lived, the closer he is to God, the prophet or the apostle, the more undeniable the sanctity of the book and the higher its authority.

Although the terms "text canonicity", "apocrypha" and the somewhat later related "rejected books" or "Index of forbidden books" refer to the history of Christianity, the very principle of selecting information depending on the name of the author is by no means characteristic only of Christianity, but for all religions.

Author: Pankin S.F.

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