Help with bites. Occupational Safety and Health

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health

Help with bites. Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Providing first aid to the injured

Bites from snakes and poisonous insects. When bitten by poisonous snakes and insects, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, dryness and a bitter taste in the mouth, palpitations, a feeling of heat, shortness of breath and drowsiness appear. In especially severe cases, convulsions, loss of consciousness, respiratory arrest may occur. Burning pain occurs at the site of the bite, the skin turns red, swells.

Help with snake bite consists in sucking the poison out of the wound (as soon as possible) while constantly spitting it out and limiting the victim's mobility in order to slow down the spread of the poison. It is not dangerous for the person assisting to suck out the poison, even if he has abrasions in his mouth. The bitten leg should be bandaged to another, healthy leg and, putting something on it, slightly raise them. The bitten hand must be fixed in a bent position. The victim should be given a large amount of drink (preferably hot tea). In no case should you put a tourniquet on a bitten limb, cauterize the bite site, make incisions to better expel the poison, give the victim alcohol. The victim must be sent to a medical facility. You need to carry and carry it in a prone position.

RџSЂRё being bitten or stung by insects (bees, wasps, bumblebees, hornets) should remove the sting if it remains in the skin, put "cold" in place of the edema (ice, a heating pad with cold water, a cloth soaked in cold water), give the victim a large amount of drink. The victim is forbidden to take alcohol, as it promotes vascular permeability and retains poison in the cells, which leads to increased edema.

In people who are sensitive to insect venom (an allergic reaction), when stinged by insects, swelling of the throat and tongue and anaphylactic shock (loss of consciousness, disruption of the cardiovascular and nervous system and many organs) may develop. In this case, it is necessary to give the victim 1-2 tablets of diphenhydramine and 20-25 drops of cordiamine, cover him with heating pads with warm water and urgently deliver to a medical institution. In case of respiratory failure and cardiac arrest, it is necessary to do artificial respiration and external heart massage.

Animal bites. With every bite, even if the bitten animal looks completely healthy, it is necessary to lubricate the skin around the wound and scratches inflicted by the animal with iodine and apply a sterile bandage. The victim should be sent to a medical institution for a course of vaccinations against rabies.

Persons who have come into contact with the saliva of a rabid animal on their skin, nose, eyes or mouth should also be referred to a doctor.

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Ventilator to help you breathe 11.01.2023

Experts from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have developed a soft, robotic and implanted ventilator.

The device, based on two soft tubes, works like artificial muscles and enhances the movements of the diaphragm. As a result, the patient with the implant can "breathe deeply".

The base of the device is soft tubes resembling balloons. They are implanted under the diaphragm - a dome-shaped muscle located in the chest cavity, the movements of which ensure normal breathing. The tubes are placed across the diaphragm and attached to the chest on either side of this muscle.

When inflated with an external pump, the tubes act like artificial muscles, pushing against the diaphragm and helping the lungs expand. In this case, the tubes can be inflated at a frequency corresponding to the natural rhythm of the diaphragm.

Scientists note that such a system is more in line with natural breathing than traditional ventilators. They create positive pressure, which pushes air through the patient's central airways and pumps it into the lungs. The diaphragm, on the other hand, creates negative pressure. When the muscle contracts and pushes down, it creates a "vacuum" into which air is drawn.

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