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Civil law. Part II. Concept, characteristics and elements of a transport expedition contract. Responsibility under the contract (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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57. CONCEPT, CHARACTERISTICS AND ELEMENTS OF THE CONTRACT OF TRANSPORT EXPEDITION. LIABILITY UNDER THE CONTRACT

On forwarding contract one side (forwarder) undertakes for remuneration and at the expense of the other party (client) perform or organize the performance of the services specified in the forwarding agreement related to the carriage of cargo.

The duties of a freight forwarder may be performed by the carrier.

The contract may provide for the forwarder's obligations to organize the carriage of goods by transport and along the route chosen by the forwarder or the client, the forwarder's obligation to conclude on behalf of the client or on his own behalf a contract for the carriage of goods, to ensure its dispatch and receipt, as well as other obligations.

As additional services, the contract may provide for obtaining the documents required for export or import, performing customs and other formalities, checking the quantity and condition of the cargo, loading and unloading it, paying duties, fees and other expenses imposed on the client, storing the cargo, its receipt at the destination, etc.

Characteristics of the contract: mutual, reimbursable, can be either consensual or real.

Subject contracts - services related to the carriage of goods, which are divided into basic (conclusion of a contract of carriage and its organization) and additional (any services related to the carriage of goods).

Forwarder can only be an entrepreneur who has a license for this type of activity.

Client there may be a person interested in receiving forwarding services: the sender, the recipient, the owner of the cargo.

Form contracts - simple written. The client must issue a power of attorney to the freight forwarder.

Period The contract is determined by the nature of the operations carried out by the freight forwarder: they can be both single and multiple. In the latter case, contracts are concluded for a long period.

Price contracts - the remuneration of the forwarder, determined either by agreement of the parties, or in accordance with the tariffs and rates established by the forwarder.

Responsibility of the parties for non-performance or for improper performance of the contract is complete, it may be based on business risk, and not the fault of the party, as well as the existence of general conditions provided for liability for non-performance of obligations.

If the freight forwarder proves that the breach of obligation was caused by improper performance of the contracts of carriage, the liability of the freight forwarder to the client is determined in accordance with the same rules under which the respective carrier is liable to the forwarder.

Termination The contract has a peculiarity: it is possible as a result of a unilateral refusal of any party, but with a mandatory warning of this to the other party within a reasonable time and compensation by the party that declared the refusal to the other party for losses caused by termination of the contract.

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