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Civil law. Part II. Parties to the lease agreement. Rights and obligations of the parties (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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36. PARTIES TO THE LEASE. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES

As parties (landlord и tenant) all subjects of civil legal relations can act: individuals and legal entities, as well as the state (through its bodies).

The lessor must be either the owner of the property transferred by him for use, or a person authorized by law or the owner of the property to lease this property. At the same time, a person who owns property on the basis of the right of operational management may lease it out only with the consent of the owner of this property.

Any person can be a tenant, however, in some types of lease, the subject composition may be limited by law. So, in a lease agreement for an enterprise and a leasing agreement, both parties must be entrepreneurs, and in a consumer rental agreement, only one party must be an entrepreneur - the lessor.

The lessor is obliged: provide the tenant with property in a condition corresponding to its purpose and the terms of the contract; supply the property transferred to the tenant with all accessories and documents related to it; transfer the property to the tenant within the time period established by the agreement; warn the tenant about the obligations of third parties to the property transferred to him; carry out capital repairs of the leased property at its own expense.

The lessor has the right: demand rent from the tenant; return of the leased item after the expiration of the contract; early termination of the contract, if the tenant uses the property not in accordance with the terms of the contract or with the purpose of the property.

The tenant is obliged: use the leased property in accordance with the terms of the contract or the purpose of the property; use the leased property only by himself; do not sublease this property without the consent of the landlord; pay rent on time; return the property to the lessor after the end of the contract in a state of normal wear and tear, together with accessories and documents related to it; maintain the leased property in good condition; carry out current repairs of the leased property; bear the cost of maintaining it.

The tenant has the right: require the lessor to transfer the subject of the lease to him; reduction of rent if the condition of the leased property has deteriorated significantly; claim the fruits, products, income received as a result of the lease, unless otherwise provided by the contract; for the redemption of the leased property, if it was provided for by the contract; to sublease the leased property (the rights of the subtenant are limited by the rights of the tenant, in particular, the sublease period cannot be longer than the lease period); to conclude a contract for a new term, primarily to other persons; for the transfer within one year of the right to conclude a new contract if the lessor refused to conclude an agreement for a new term, but at the same time concluded an agreement with another person.

The right of use of the tenant is inherent right to follow a thing, i.e., the transfer of ownership of the leased item does not terminate the contract.

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