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Civil law. Part II. Form of real estate sale agreement (most important)

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19. FORM OF THE AGREEMENT FOR THE SALE OF REAL ESTATE

Form of contract must be in writing, and the contract must be signed by both parties (Article 550 of the Civil Code). At the same time, the transfer of ownership of real estate is subject to state registration (paragraph 1 of article 551 of the Civil Code). And in relation to some objects, an agreement on its sale is also subject to state registration (for example, an agreement on the sale of an enterprise - clause 3 of article 560 of the Civil Code).

The Civil Code of the Russian Federation provides for mandatory state registration of a contract for the sale of residential premises and a contract for the sale of an enterprise, but does not provide for mandatory state registration of transactions for the sale of other types of real estate other than those indicated. Registration of the transfer of ownership does not mean registration of the contract of sale itself.

Therefore, a contract for the sale of a non-residential property is considered concluded from the moment of its signing, and not from the moment of state registration.

An object under construction may be the subject of a sale and purchase agreement, and the right of ownership to it arises from the moment of state registration.

The rules for state registration of transactions with real estate are contained in the Federal Law of July 21, 1997 "On the registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it."

If a transaction for the sale of real estate is made in the proper form, but one of the parties evades its registration, the court has the right, at the request of the other party, to make a decision on the registration of the transfer of ownership of real estate.

Vessels are registered in the Ship Register. Its rules are provided for by transport codes, as well as departmental orders and rules. As a result of the registration of the ship, the new shipowner receives a certificate of ownership of the ship.

The need to adopt a provision on the state registration of space objects was mentioned in the Law of the Russian Federation of August 20, 1993 "On space activities", but so far such a provision has not been adopted. In accordance with paragraph 1 of Art. 17 of this law, space objects must be marked indicating their belonging to the Russian Federation. The registration of such a space object, as well as the registration of a sea vessel, indicates that they belong to the Russian Federation and, therefore, indicate that they are under the jurisdiction of the Russian Federation. In addition, such registration certifies the ownership right of a particular subject to the registered object.

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