How long did the longest war in European history last? Detailed answer

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How long did the longest war in European history last? Detailed answer

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How long did the longest war in European history last?

The longest European war - the Hundred Years War between England and France - began in 1337 and ended in 1453, that is, it lasted 120 years. During this war, the English and French nation-states were formed and acquired their political, economic and cultural outlines.

The reason for the war was the claims of the English king Edward III (as the maternal grandson of the French king Philip IV Capet) to the French throne after the death in 1328 of Charles IV (the last representative of the direct branch of the Capet) and the accession of Philip VI (of the Valois family).

In addition to the main countries, Portugal, Castile, Aragon, Scotland, the papacy, certain territories of the Holy Roman Empire, primarily the Netherlands, which were part of the powerful Duchy of Burgundy in the XNUMXth century, took part in the war at different times.

Despite the frequent military successes of the British, the Hundred Years' War ended in victory for France. England managed to retain only the port city of Calais on the continent.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Does a snake have bones?

When you watch a snake move, there are two things you are most surprised at. First, how it moves: you can't see its legs, nothing pushes or pulls the snake's body - and yet it moves! And secondly, the snake's body "flows" along the ground, as if it were without bones! However, the snake is just filled with bones, that's a fact!

Snakes have an articulated spine to which ribs are attached. Some snakes have up to 145 pairs of ribs attached to their flexible spine. The vertebrae are attached to each other by a kind of articulated joint, with each vertebra attached to its own pair of ribs, which gives the vertebrae and ribs freedom of movement. The tips of each pair of ribs, in turn, are connected by muscles to one of the plates (scales) on the belly of the snake. Snakes have bones in their heads and jaws.

While eating, the snake is able to spread its jaws very widely, because the bones of the mouth and throat are not rigidly fixed. In fact, most snakes swallow their prey without even killing it. They simply digest it alive. So, as you can see, snakes have bones, although their slippery bodies seem to be completely devoid of any solid base.

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