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Civil law. Part II. Elements of a retail purchase agreement (most important)

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5. ELEMENTS OF A RETAIL SALES AGREEMENT

By the parties treaties are seller и customer. The seller can only be an entrepreneur (individual or collective - organization), and the buyer can only be entities purchasing goods for non-business purposes. Retail trade of certain types of goods (eg alcohol, cars) requires the seller to have a license. To purchase goods restricted in circulation, a special permit is required from the buyer (for example, to purchase a weapon) or another document (for example, to purchase a medicine with narcotic properties, an appropriate prescription is required).

The subject contracts can be any things that are not withdrawn from circulation used only for household consumers: personal, family, home. They can be both individually defined and determined by generic characteristics, both existing at the time of the conclusion of the contract, and being at that moment in the production process. Goods, in the standards for which safety requirements are established, are subject to mandatory certification. Goods that are harmful to health cannot be sold (such goods must be withdrawn from sale, and their production must be stopped).

Price contract is an essential condition of the contract. It cannot be changed by the buyer at the time of the conclusion of the contract and is the same for all buyers. Prices for certain types of goods are set by the state, they are binding not only for buyers, but also for the seller. The goods are paid, as a rule, at the time of the contract.

Period agreement is determined by the parties. This condition is essential in the contract only when the goods are sold on credit.

The procedure for concluding an agreement: the contract is considered concluded from the moment the seller issues the buyer a check indicating payment for the goods, and payment for the goods is understood as an agreement reached by the parties (Article 493 of the Civil Code). The public nature of this contract is determined by the procedure for its conclusion: the seller is the offeror, and the public offer is the operation of the machine, the demonstration of goods or their samples, the description of the goods and their photographs, as well as the advertisement of the goods, if it contains all the essential terms of the contract (otherwise it is only by an offer to an indefinite circle of consumers to make an offer).

Form The contract is determined according to the rules on the form of a transaction (Articles 159-161 of the Civil Code): only transactions between citizens in the amount of less than 10 minimum wages or transactions executed at the time of their completion are made orally. The sale of goods using the machine occurs by performing conclusive actions, i.e. actions expressing the will to establish a legal relationship in the form of behavior, from which such an intention obviously follows - by paying for the goods. In other cases, the contract must be executed in writing (non-compliance with the written form of the contract deprives the seller of the right to refer to witness testimony), but does not deprive the buyer of this right.

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