History of world religions. The content of the mythological and religious picture of the world. Mythological and religious consciousness (most important)

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History of world religions. The content of the mythological and religious picture of the world. Mythological and religious consciousness (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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9. The content of the mythological and religious picture of the world. Mythological and religious consciousness

If we specify in relation to religion the opposition "library of meanings (language)" - "library of texts (all information expressed with the help of language)", then the content of religion is "a library of confessional texts".

The main "thematic" sections in this "library" (i.e. content areas in the entire array of confessional knowledge) are as follows:

1) the idea of God (the Absolute or the host of gods), his history and / or theory (teaching) about God;

2) ideas about the will of God, about his Testament or requirements in relation to people;

3) ideas (doctrine) about a person, society, the world (in some religions - also about the end of the world, about the ways of salvation, about the afterlife or other other world), depending on the ideas about God;

4) religious-ethical and religious-legal ideas and norms dependent on ideas about God;

5) ideas about the proper order of the cult, church organization, the relationship between the clergy and the world, etc., as well as ideas about the history of development and the solution of these problems.

Naturally, the above list of the main areas of religious consciousness is quite general and therefore abstract, but it is needed precisely for the most general outline of the entire semantic sphere of religion.

As far as the psychological, human significance of religious content is concerned, in comparison with any other information that can circulate in human society, religious content has the maximum value. This is due to two circumstances:

1) religion is looking for answers to the most important questions of life;

2) her answers, having great generalizing power, are by no means abstract; they are addressed not so much to logic as to more complex, subtle and intimate areas of human consciousness - to his soul, mind, imagination, intuition, feeling, desires, conscience.

R. Bella emphasized the uniqueness of the knowledge, the meanings that religion conveys to a person: “The experience of death, evil and suffering leads to the posing of deep questions about the meaning of all this, which are not answered by everyday categories of cause and effect. Religious symbols offer a meaningful context in which this experience can be explained by placing it within the grander framework of the universe and providing emotional consolation, even if it is the solace of self-denial... Man is a problem-solving animal.What to do and what to think when other ways of solving problems fail is the realm religion."

Authors: Pankin S.F., Mortova E.A.

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