History of world religions. Arab Religious Philosophy (Most Important)

Free technical library

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

History of world religions. Arab Religious Philosophy (Most Important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Comments on the article

Table of contents (expand)

36. Arab religious philosophy

Arab religious philosophy developed in parallel with the development of early scholasticism.

The main meaning of Arab philosophy was to defend Islam and its church dogmas, therefore in its main features and starting points it coincides with scholastic philosophy.

At the beginning of Islamic philosophy are two great thinkers. The first of them is the Arab adherent of the ideas of Aristotle al-Kindi (800 - ca. 870), a contemporary of Eriugena, translator and commentator of Aristotle. A staunch follower of Aristotle in the 870th century was al-Farabi (950-900), who lived and worked in Baghdad, Aleppo and Damascus in 950-XNUMX. However, he also begins to interpret Aristotle's system in the spirit of the Neoplatonists, taking from Aristotle a clear and logical division of reality into separate areas of scientific interest.

In relation to Christian scholasticism, the work of the great Aristotelians of Arab philosophy is of great importance: in the East it was Avicenna, in the West - Averroes.

Avicenna's philosophy was theocentric, but in a different sense than Christian. He understood the world as a product of the divine mind, but in no case of God's will.

If Avicenna was the king of Arabic philosophy in the East, then the king of the Arab West was Aver-roes (Arab. Ibn Rushd, 1126-1196). According to Averroes, the material world is eternal, infinite, but limited in space. God is as eternal as nature, but he did not create the world out of nothing, as religion proclaims.

Averroes distinguishes between passive and active mind. The passive mind is associated with the individual sensory representations of a person, the active mind has the character of a universal, individual intellect, which is eternal.

Averroes understood the relationship between religion and philosophy as follows: the highest and pure truth, which the philosopher knows, in religion manifests itself in sensual images, which can be useful for the intellect of simple, uneducated people. Religious ideas, as interpreted by philosophers, are understood differently by ordinary people, which is the content of the starting point of the doctrine of the so-called dual truth, one of the creators of which was Averroes. It is not surprising that Averroes' philosophy was harshly condemned by Islamic orthodoxy, and his treatises were ordered to be burned.

The representative of the mystical direction was al-Ghazali. Al-Ghazali's main interest was in faith, which he sharply contrasted with science and philosophy. He demonstrated his approach in the treatise "Refutation of the Philosophers", against which Averroes opposed. In this treatise, al-Ghazali also rejected the principle of causality, which manifests itself in the world in a natural way.

Authors: Pankin S.F., Mortova E.A.

<< Back: Prayer canon of Islam "Arab Code"

>> Forward: Satanism is a type of Black Occultism

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ Constitutional law of foreign countries. Crib

▪ Theory of Government and Rights. Lecture notes

▪ Infectious diseases. Crib

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

New three-phase power quality analyzer 23.01.2005

FLUKE CORPORATION has launched a new three-phase power quality analyzer 430.

The device measures voltages and currents in three phases and neutral, as well as power, electricity consumption, harmonic content and much more. Designed for voltages up to 600 V.

Other interesting news:

▪ Series of blue LEDs

▪ eGPU Breakaway Puck Radeon RX 5500 XT and eGPU Breakaway Puck Radeon RX 5700 Docks

▪ Jaw movement generates electricity

▪ INA253 - new current meter with integrated shunt

▪ 5TB external drives from LaCie

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Medicine. Selection of articles

▪ Article Prodigal Son. Popular expression

▪ article What do the Swedes themselves call the buffet and the wall? Detailed answer

▪ Janitor article. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article Proportional heat stabilizer for an incubator. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Lighting fixtures and wiring devices. Electrical devices. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews