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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions for labor protection for the janitor. Full document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection 1. General provisions 1.1. The instructions apply to all departments of the enterprise. 1.2. According to this instruction, the janitor is instructed before starting work (initial briefing), and then every 6 months (re-instruction). The results of the briefing are recorded in the "Journal of Instructions on Work Safety", in the journal after the briefing must be signed by the instructing person and the janitor. 1.3. The owner must insure the janitor against accidents and occupational diseases. In case of damage to the health of the janitor due to the fault of the owner, the employee has the right to compensation for the harm caused to him. 1.4. For non-compliance with this instruction, the janitor bears disciplinary, material, administrative and criminal liability. 1.5. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, introductory briefing on labor protection, briefing at the workplace and briefing on fire safety are allowed to work as a janitor. 1.6. The janitor must: 1.6.1. Comply with internal labor regulations. 1.6.2. Know the phone numbers to call the fire department (01), police (02), ambulance (03). 1.6.3. Know the surname, name and patronymic, telephone number of the district inspector of the district department of internal affairs. 1.6.4. Know the territory of the enterprise and all the objects that are located on it. 1.6.5. Know the location of fire hydrants. 1.6.6. Know and be able to provide first aid to victims of accidents. 1.6.7. Be familiar with the use of primary fire extinguishing equipment. 1.6.8. Perform only the work that is assigned by the head and for which he was instructed. 1.7. The main dangerous and harmful factors that can affect the janitor:
1.8. The janitor is provided with overalls:
2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Put on overalls, a signal vest, prepare work tools (brooms, shovels, etc.). It is forbidden to work in light shoes (sandals, sandals, slippers). 2.2. Inspect the condition of watering taps, watering hoses. 2.3. Check the condition of the sewer manholes (they must be closed or have a fence 0,8 m high). 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. Before cleaning the area in the summer, it must be watered to reduce dust. 3.2. The territory of the enterprise must be kept clean. The janitor can ensure that the driveways and passages on the territory of the enterprise are free for movement, leveled, do not have potholes, pits, and are adequately lit in the dark and at night. 3.3. The janitor must monitor the serviceability of tunnels, bridges, crossings, overpasses, as well as the presence and serviceability of their fences (railings, skins, sides). Manholes, pits and trenches created for technical needs must be blocked, and passages and driveways near them are always clean. 3.4. The janitor must ensure that raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are unloaded to specially designated places and stacked in such a way as to prevent their spread or harmful effects on others. 3.5. Production raw materials, equipment, products and production wastes must be temporarily stored on the territory of the enterprise in specially designated places, provided that they do not clutter up driveways, walkways, recreation areas and do not violate the exterior of the enterprise. 3.6. If the janitor notices any violation that interferes with the normal movement of intra-factory transport or the movement of people on the territory of the enterprise, he must immediately inform the administration, put up safety signs. 3.7. Use only serviceable equipment, sliding stairs, stretchers, trolleys, wheelbarrows and other devices. 3.8. Cleaning the area near the operating equipment should be carried out only if there is a fence around hazardous areas. 3.9. When transporting garbage with a trolley, do not allow spillage of garbage on the territory of the enterprise. 3.10. In summer, when watering the area with water (to reduce dust), as well as when cleaning the area after rain, put on rubber boots or galoshes and wear rubber gloves. 3.11. Wear rubber boots with warm boots or socks while cleaning and repairing gutters (ditches) to drain atmospheric water. 3.12. In winter, when clearing the area from snow, when sprinkling sand against icing, be careful not to slip. It is forbidden to sprinkle the icy surface of the territory with salt. 3.13. Roofs of buildings in winter should be regularly cleared of snow (with the exception of roofs with a soft roof and with zero slope), and cornices - from icing. 3.14. Before throwing snow, you should check whether the danger zone near the building is fenced off and whether there is a person on duty to warn passers-by about the danger. While working on the roof, the janitor must wear shoes with non-slip soles, use a safety belt, a portable ladder at least 30 cm wide, which is attached to the building structure (the place of its attachment is indicated by the work manager). The janitor must be instructed in the safe performance of work. The shovels used for throwing snow must have string loops that are hung on the hand to prevent the shovels from falling down. 3.15. Yard latrines and paved (paved) approaches to them should be kept clean, and at night they should be illuminated. Cesspools with non-sewered latrines should be cleaned in a timely manner, preventing them from overflowing. Work in personal protective equipment (PPE). 3.16. In toilets built in the yard, wash the floor with a solution of bleach (two tablespoons per bucket of water). In winter, the solution must be heated. Do not leave diluted (mushy) bleach in toilets. Wash sinks and toilet bowls in latrines with hot water and soda (3-5% solution) or special cleaning solutions. 3.17. Carry hot water in buckets with lids. In a room where gas stoves for heating water are installed, before starting work, check whether the taps have been closed and whether there is a smell of gas. In case of detecting the smell of gas, burning it not on all burner openings, gas leakage, malfunction of the gas stove taps, close the tap on the gas pipeline and report the malfunction to the manager. 3.18. When washing windows from the street, do not stand on the windowsill, but use a special sliding ladder for this, as well as hanging cradles. The ladder must be in good working order, have steps fastened with bowstrings, and not nailed. Steps must be free of cracks and chips, bowstrings must have upper and lower tie bolts. The ends of the ladder must have rubber shoes or pointed metal tips to prevent it from sliding on the floor (the ladder must be subjected to a static load test). 3.19. Make sure that rags, paper and other waste soaked in gasoline, kerosene, detergents and lubricants, floor paint, etc., taken out of production facilities after completion of work, are placed in separate metal boxes with lids. 3.20. Make sure that the cleaners take out the garbage from the premises only in special boxes to the place designated for this in the yard. 3.21. Production waste and garbage should be regularly removed from the territory of the enterprise to landfills or neutralized. In the case of temporary storage of garbage and production waste on the territory of the enterprise, as well as in the case of storage of semi-finished products and raw materials, ensure that measures are taken against soil, water and air pollution by them. Garbage bins made of non-combustible materials must be equipped with lids that close tightly. Waste bins should be cleaned daily and disinfected periodically. 3.22. Short-term storage of production waste on the territory of the enterprise is allowed only in specially designated areas, fenced and remote from production and auxiliary buildings and structures and places of recreation. 3.23. Waste pits, local sewage cesspools, etc. must be systematically cleaned and disinfected. 3.24. Make sure that the pits facing the yard or the street are always blocked or covered with reliable metal bars. Grids must be kept clean and undamaged. 3.25. Wastes of poisonous or dangerous substances from the point of view of infection must be stored, transported and neutralized in compliance with the rules set forth in special instructions. 3.26. Make sure that there are trash cans, containers with water and sand in places designated for smoking, and signs with the inscription "Smoking Area" are posted. 3.27. It is forbidden: 3.27.1. Clean under running equipment or near moving machinery. 3.27.2. Stop or start the equipment, as well as wipe the equipment during its operation. 3.27.3. Use gasoline, kerosene, acetone, turpentine and other flammable and combustible liquids to wash window frames. 3.27.4. Leave in aisles, driveways, doorways, etc. brooms, mops and other items. 3.27.5. Enter and put your hands behind the fence of both active and inactive equipment at the moment. 3.27.6. Collect rags, wood waste, paper and oiled rags in one box. There should be a separate box for each type of waste. 3.27.7. Collect garbage in wooden boxes. 3.27.8. Build a fire to burn garbage near warehouses with chemical and explosive materials. 4. Safety requirements after finishing work 4.1. All mechanisms, tools, ladders, etc. put away in the designated places. 4.2. Remove overalls and protective equipment, put them in the closet. If contaminated, PPE should be washed. 4.3. Wash hands and face with warm water and soap, rinse your mouth. If possible, take a shower. 4.4. Report to the head of work on all the shortcomings that occurred during work. 5. Safety requirements in emergency situations 5.1. An emergency may occur if:
5.2. If a situation has arisen that can lead to an accident or an accident, it is necessary to fence off the danger zone and prevent unauthorized persons from entering it; report what happened to the work manager. 5.3. If there are victims, provide them with first aid; if necessary, call an ambulance. 5.4. First aid in case of accidents. 5.4.1. First aid for electric shock. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect it, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand. If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (indirect) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this state of recovery, it is necessary to start immediately, and then call an ambulance. 5.4.2. First aid for injury. To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material that is in it to the wound and bandage it with a bandage. If there is somehow no individual package, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On the place of the dressing that falls directly on the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine in order to get a spot larger than the wound, and then apply a bandage to the wound. It is especially important to apply tincture of iodine in this way for contaminated wounds. 5.4.3. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks. In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso. In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion. If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach, face down, while observing that the torso does not bend in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord. In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation. 5.4.4. First aid for burns with acids and alkali. If acid or alkali gets on the skin, the damaged areas must be thoroughly rinsed with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, after which the acid-damaged surface should be washed with a 5% solution of baking soda, and the burned with alkali - with a 3% solution of boric acid or an acetic solution. acids. If acid or alkali gets on the mucous membrane of the eyes, it is necessary to thoroughly rinse the eyes with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, then rinse with a 2% solution of baking soda, and if the eyes are damaged by alkali, with a 2% solution of boric acid. In case of burns of the oral cavity with alkali, it is necessary to rinse with a 3% solution of acetic acid or a 3% solution of boric acid, for acid burns - with a 5% solution of baking soda. If acid enters the respiratory tract, it is necessary to breathe a 10% solution of baking soda sprayed with a spray gun, if alkali enters, a sprayed 3% solution of acetic acid. 5.4.5. First aid for thermal burns. In case of burns with fire, steam, hot objects, in no case should you open the formed blisters and bandage the burns with a bandage. For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool soaked in ethyl alcohol. For second-degree burns (blisters), the burned area is treated with alcohol or a 3% manganese solution or a 5% tannin solution. For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), the wound is covered with a sterile bandage, call a doctor. 5.4.6. First aid for bleeding. 5.4.6.1. Raise the injured limb up 5.4.6.2. Close the wound with a dressing (from a bag) folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure). 5.4.6.3. In case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor. 5.5. If a fire occurs, you must call the fire department and start extinguishing with the available fire extinguishing equipment. 5.6. In all cases, it is necessary to follow the instructions of the head of work to eliminate the consequences of the accident.
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Comments on the article: Elena In our city, wipers are given one pair of gloves for three months, and garbage bags are suggested to be searched in garbage cans ... a guest I liked it, everything is accessible and understandable
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