Russian history. Feudal fragmentation of Rus' (the most important)

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Russian history. Feudal fragmentation of Rus' (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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4. Feudal fragmentation of Russia

С 1068 BC begins a period of civil strife - power passed from hand to hand.

Political collapse of Kievan Rus in XI-XII centuries. led to the formation of a dozen separate principalities (Kyiv, Turovo-Pinsk, Polotsk, etc.).

The throne of Kyiv was occupied by the eldest prince in the family, and the rest were placed by seniority in cities of more or less significant importance. In the event of the death of the Grand Duke, the eldest of the remaining princes was to take the throne of Kyiv, and the rest of the princes would accordingly move from one volost to another. The struggle for the throne of Kyiv went on with increasing bitterness between the two princely lines: the Kyiv and Pereyaslav Monomakhivichs.

In the period from 1097 to 1103, congresses of princes were held, which, however, did not improve the situation.

Initially, the Monomakhovichi and Olegovichi shared the throne, but after the death of Vladimir Monomakh, the civil strife was complicated by the confrontation between the Monomakhovichi.

Reasons for fragmentation:

1) strengthening of feudal relations;

2) the growth of large feudal landownership;

3) strengthening the military power of each principality;

4) economic development (growth of agriculture, cities, trade).

Feudal fragmentation led to the weakening of trade ties and economic relations, military clashes.

For 10 years of civil strife, Kyiv passed from one hand to another.

The whole country broke up into separate principalities, competing with each other.

By the end of the XII century. there is a tendency to centralize power. This is most clearly manifested during the reign of Roman Mstislavich.

The beginning of internecine wars was laid by a quarrel between the sons and grandchildren of Vladimir Monomakh. Grand Duke Yaropolk wanted to give Pereyaslavl to his nephew, so the princes of Rostov and Volyn opposed. As a result, the city was transferred to Yuri Dolgoruky, the son of Vladimir Monomakh.

Authors: Ivanushkina V.V., Trifonova N.O., Babaev G.A.

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