Russian history. Domestic policy of the USSR during the years of perestroika (the most important)

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Russian history. Domestic policy of the USSR during the years of perestroika (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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52 Domestic policy of the USSR during the years of perestroika

After the death of L. I. Brezhnev, the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU stood at the head of the party and state apparatus Yu. V. Andropov. Replaced him in February 1984.

K. U. Chernenko. After the death of K. U. Chernenko, in March 1985, the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU became M. S. Gorbachev. The period of the country's life, called "restructuring".

The main task was to stop the collapse of the "state socialism" system. Designed in 1987 BC The reform project included:

1) expand the economic independence of enterprises;

2) revive the private sector of the economy;

3) give up the foreign trade monopoly;

4) reduce the number of administrative instances;

5) in agriculture to recognize the equality of five forms of ownership: collective farms, state farms, agro-combines, rental cooperatives and farms.

Decree 1990 BC "On the Concept of Transition to a Regulated Market Economy".

Inflationary processes intensified in the country, caused by the budget deficit.

The new leadership of the RSFSR (Chairman of the Supreme Council - B. N. Yeltsin) developed the "500 Days" program, which assumed the decentralization and privatization of the public sector of the economy.

The policy of glasnost, which was first announced at the 1986th Congress of the CPSU in February XNUMX, assumed:

1) mitigation of censorship over the media;

2) publication of previously banned books and documents;

3) mass rehabilitation of victims of political repressions, including major figures of the Soviet government 1920-1930s.

Mass media free from ideological attitudes appeared in the country in the shortest possible time. In the political sphere, a course was taken to create a permanent parliament and a socialist legal state. AT 1989 BC Elections of People's Deputies of the USSR were held, and the Congress of People's Deputies was created. Parties are formed with the following direction:

1) liberal democratic;

2) the communist party.

In the CPSU itself, three trends were clearly identified:

1) social democratic;

2) centrist;

3) orthodox traditionalist.

Authors: Ivanushkina V.V., Trifonova N.O., Babaev G.A.

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