Russian history. Foreign policy of the Soviet state after the Civil War (the most important)

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Russian history. Foreign policy of the Soviet state after the Civil War (the most important)

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36. Foreign policy of the Soviet state after the Civil War

The foreign policy of the Soviet state after the end of the civil war and intervention was based on two opposing principles: first, the establishment of strong diplomatic and economic ties with the capitalist states in order to lead the country out of the crisis; secondly, an orientation towards the world revolution, which implied the support of the communist parties of the Western countries.

С 1918 by 1928 the head of the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs was an experienced diplomat, a hereditary nobleman T. V. Chicherin.

In the spring of 1920 A delegation led by the People's Commissar for Foreign Trade arrived in London L. B. Krasin, which concluded with the British side one of the first agreements of the Soviet country with the European powers. FROM 10 April by 19 May 1922 An international economic and financial conference was convened in Genoa, in which 29 countries participated. The demands of foreign countries (payment of debts, return of nationalized foreign property in the amount of 78 billion gold rubles), as well as counter-claims from the Soviet side, caused contradictions that were never resolved at this conference. The first success of Soviet diplomacy was the conclusion of an agreement between Soviet Russia and Germany April 16, 1922 in Rapallo. The agreement provided for the restoration of diplomatic relations, the mutual waiver of reimbursement of military expenses, and a number of other points.

Since 1924 to 1925 Russia signed about 40 agreements and treaties, including the Japanese-Soviet convention. Of the great powers, only the United States denied recognition to the Soviet Union.

December 17, 1925 A treaty of friendship and neutrality was signed with Turkey. Established diplomatic relations with Mexico (1924) and Uruguay (1926).

One of the biggest crises in Anglo-Soviet relations was the events of May-June 1923, when Deputy People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs M. M. Litvinov received a memorandum containing a number of ultimatum demands ("Curzon's ultimatum"). In the mid 1920s. The Soviet Union was recognized by the world community as a sovereign subject of international relations.

Authors: Ivanushkina V.V., Trifonova N.O., Babaev G.A.

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