8. Russia during the reign of Fedor Ioannovich. The social structure of Russian society in the XVI century

Between those close to the throne, a struggle began for influence on the king, the royal brother-in-law came to the fore Boris Fyodorovich Godunov.

В 1589 BC patriarchate was established in Moscow.

The last wife of Ivan IV, Maria Nagaya, with her young son Dmitry and brothers, was removed from Moscow to the city of Uglich.

15 May 1591 Tsarevich Dmitry was killed.

В January 1598 Tsar Fedor died. With his death, the Rurik dynasty on the Moscow throne ended.

The centers of literacy and education were monasteries.

В XVI century. a galaxy of talented publicists appears (F. I. Karpov, I. S. Peresvetov, Ermolai-Erazim, Sylvester).

After the death of the childless king Fedor Ivanovich Zemsky Sobor was convened, at which Boris Godunov was elected the new Russian Tsar.

In Poland Grigory Otrepyev - the son of a Galich boyar, a monk, a former clerk in the Miracle Monastery in Moscow, who fled to Lithuania, where he secretly converted to Catholicism, called himself a prince Dmitry, son of Ivan iv. AT October 1604 he entered Moscow. And already in June 1605 Moscow solemnly welcomed "its lawful sovereign" Dmitry Ivanovich.

On the night of 17 May 1606 boyars led by prince Vasily Shuisky broke into the Kremlin and killed the king.

Князь Vasily Shuisky was "shouted out by the king".

Soon a new one appeared in Starodub False Dmitriy. With the help of the Swedes and the people's militias, the king's nephew Prince Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky.

Tsar Vasily July 17, 1610 was dethroned. After the overthrow of Shuisky, an interregnum began in Moscow. The time of the "seven boyars" began.

В September 1610 Moscow, with the consent of the boyars, was occupied by the Polish army.

В December 1610 False Dmitry II was killed in Kaluga.

I The Zemstvo militia was heterogeneous in composition. Consisting of nobles and boyar children, headed by the Ryazan governor Prokopy Lyapunov.

On the other hand - Cossacks, whose leaders were former Tushino "boyars". June 30, 1611 issued a decree on the composition and work of the new zemstvo government. It included princes D. Trubetskoy, I. Zarutsky and P. Lyapunov. Due to controversy in the I government, the militia disintegrated.

Nizhny Novgorod became the center of the II Zemsky militia. His headman Kuzma Minin в September 1611, urged fellow citizens to help the Moscow state. The head of the zemstvo militia invited the stolnik and voivode prince Dmitry Mikhailovich Pozharsky.

In October, the militias entered Moscow.

On February 21, 1613, the Zemsky Sobor solemnly proclaimed Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov the Russian Tsar.

Authors: Ivanushkina V.V., Trifonova N.O., Babaev G.A.

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