Russian history. Ancient Rus' in the period of the X - beginning of the XII centuries. Adoption of Christianity in Rus'. The role of the Church in the life of Ancient Rus' (the most important)

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Russian history. Ancient Rus' in the period of the X - beginning of the XII centuries. Adoption of Christianity in Rus'. The role of the Church in the life of Ancient Rus' (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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3. Ancient Russia in the period X - early XII centuries. The adoption of Christianity in Russia. The role of the Church in the life of Ancient Russia

Olga's grandson Vladimir Svyatoslavovich was originally a zealous pagan. He even placed idols of pagan gods near the princely court, to which the people of Kiev made sacrifices.

Vladimir sent ambassadors abroad. When they returned, they spoke with particular enthusiasm about the Orthodox service in the Constantinople Cathedral Church of St. Sophia. Impressed by the story, Vladimir decided to accept Greek Christianity. (988). His marriage in 989 BC with the Greek princess Anna finally approved Christianity as the dominant religion of the Russian state.

Christianity was originally accepted only by those tribes that lived along the line of the Dnieper - Volkhov. In other areas, the new faith met with stubborn resistance from the population, paganism, united with the new religion, formed a dual faith.

Christianity produced a profound moral change in ancient Russian society.

The adoption of Christianity in Russia influenced the political structure of Russia. The Greek clergy transferred the Byzantine concept of "sovereign" to the prince of Kyiv, which was set by God not only for the external protection of the country, but also for the establishment and maintenance of internal social order.

The Russian Church was headed by the Metropolitan of Kyiv, who was also the Patriarch of All Russia. He was appointed by the Patriarch of Constantinople, on whom the entire Russian metropolis depended. The Metropolitan of Kyiv placed bishops in the most important Russian cities.

The Kiev-Pechersky Monastery was formed. The collection of church laws "The Pilot Book" served as a guide for church judges. The so-called church people were subordinated to church administration and jurisdiction:

1) monks;

2) white clergy with their families;

3) priest widows and adult priests;

4) clergy;

5) spit;

6) wanderers;

7) people in hospitals and hospices, and those who served them;

8) "inflated people", outcasts, beggars, the population living on church lands.

The church authorities judged all Christians who committed crimes against religion and morality, and dealt with all cases relating to family relations.

Christianity brought the Slavs a written language based on the Church Slavonic alphabet compiled by the brothers-enlighteners. Kirill и Methodius in the second half IX century.

Monasteries, in particular the famous Kiev-Pechersk Monastery, founded by Saint Anthony и Saint Theodosius in the second half XI century. The first chronicler was the Rev. Nestor. Large libraries of handwritten books were collected in monasteries and episcopal sees.

In the Kievan era, the most prominent were the metropolitans Hilarion и Cyril of Turovsky, hegumen Daniel.

Authors: Ivanushkina V.V., Trifonova N.O., Babaev G.A.

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