State and municipal administration. The concept and characteristics of the state (the most important)

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State and municipal administration. The concept and characteristics of the state (the most important)

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6. The concept and features of the state

The state is a political organization of society, ensuring its unity and integrity, exercising, through the state mechanism, managing the affairs of society, sovereign public authority, giving law a universally binding significance, guaranteeing the rights and freedoms of citizens, law and order.

The main features of the state:

1) territorial organization of the population and the exercise of public authority within the territorial limits.

The state has a strictly localized territory, to which its sovereign power extends, and the population living on it turns into subjects or citizens of the state.

The state differs from non-governmental organizations in that it personifies the entire population of the country, extends its power to it;

2) public (state) power.

Public it is called because, not coinciding with society, it speaks on its behalf, on behalf of the whole people.

The fundamental feature of public power is that it is embodied precisely in officials, i.e., in the professional class of managers, from which the governing and coercive bodies (the state apparatus) are completed;

3) state sovereignty.

Concept "state sovereignty" appeared at the end of the Middle Ages, when it was necessary to separate the state power from the church and give it an exclusive, monopoly value. Today sovereignty is an obligatory feature of the state. A country that does not have it is a colony or a dominion. Sovereignty as a property (attribute) of state power lies in its supremacy, autonomy, independence.

The supremacy of state power within the country means:

1) the universality of its power, which extends to the entire population, all parties and public organizations of a given country;

2) its prerogatives (state power can cancel, recognize as null and void any manifestation of any other public power);

3) it has such means of influence that no other public authority has at its disposal (army, police or militia, prisons, etc.).

4) the inextricable link between the state and law.

Without law, the state cannot exist. Law legally formalizes the state and state power and thereby makes them legitimate, i.e. legal. The state performs its functions in legal forms. Law introduces the functioning of the state and state power within the framework of legality, subordinates them to a specific legal regime. With such subordination of the state to law, a democratic legal state is formed.

Author: Konstantin Sibikeev

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