State and municipal administration. Political regime (most important)

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State and municipal administration. Political regime (most important)

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12. Political regime

Political regime - these are methods of exercising political power, the final political state in society, which develops as a result of the interaction and confrontation of various political forces, the functioning of all political institutions and is characterized by democracy or anti-democratism.

Professor S. S. Alekseev highlights the following properties political regime:

1) the political regime primarily depends on the methods by which political power is exercised in the state. If these are methods of persuasion, agreement, legitimacy, parliamentarism, if only legal coercion is used, then there is a progressive, democratic regime. When the methods of violence come to the fore, a reactionary anti-democratic regime takes shape in the state;

2) in each country, the political regime is determined by the relationship, the alignment of political forces. In countries where there is a stable balance of political forces or long-term national consensus has been achieved, the result of such agreement is a stable political regime. But if one or another force gains the upper hand in a country, the political regime is constantly changing.

Depending on the nature of the means and methods of administrative influence used by the state power, authoritarian and democratic state-legal regimes are distinguished.

An authoritarian regime is characterized by:

1) people under such regimes are actually removed from the formation of state power and control over its activities;

2) all power is concentrated in the hands of the ruling elite, which does not take into account the fundamental interests of the population;

3) the opposition is eliminated;

4) the decisions of the central government are implemented with the large-scale use of violence, relying on the military-police apparatus. The full superiority of the state over the law is established;

5) a person is deprived of guarantees of security, a person cannot really enjoy general democratic freedoms, even if they are formally proclaimed.

Under a totalitarian regime power passes into the hands of a dictator who rules by violent means, there is an absolute concentration of legislative and executive power in one body. Human rights and freedoms are not protected by anyone.

Under a democratic regime the highest organs of the state act on behalf of the people, power is exercised in its interests by democratic and legal methods. Human and civil rights are guaranteed and protected by the state.

Author: Konstantin Sibikeev

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