Business planning. Impact of payment terms, inflation and taxation on settlement results (most important)

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Business planning. Impact of payment terms, inflation and taxation on settlement results (most important)

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31. IMPACT OF PAYMENT TERMS, INFLATION AND TAXATION ON THE RESULTS OF CALCULATIONS

The calculation results are influenced by inflation. It must be remembered that the discount rate is calculated taking into account inflation, therefore, when calculating investment indicators, you need to use net cash flow. In the Project Expert program, the program does this independently.

Module "Inflation" provides input of data characterizing the inflationary factors of the external environment in which the project is being implemented. Since inflation acts unevenly on different groups of goods, services, labor resources, real estate, when developing a project, one should strive to assess pricing trends for each of these components. The Project Expert program makes it possible to build a generalized description of the inflationary environment, in which the largest objects of inflation are identified, or, if necessary, to detail the description of inflation conditions for each element of the enterprise's economic activity.

This dialog provides procedures for entering inflation indicators for five groups of inflation objects that characterize changes in the cost of receipts and payments for the main items of the project. The entered numerical values characterize the forecasted increase or decrease in prices as a percentage of the previous period for each a group of objects exposed to inflation: sales (products or services); - direct costs (materials, components and other variable costs other than wages); - general costs (operational, trading, administrative); - wage; - real estate (buildings, structures, equipment).

At this stage, it is necessary to take into account a certain relationship between inflation and exchange rates. Thus, if the rate of price growth exceeds the rate of devaluation of the monetary unit (changes in the ratio of exchange rates), a situation may arise when prices on the domestic market (for example, in rubles) exceed the level of world prices. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the correctness of the data, especially with long project implementation periods.

Annual R and quarterly r_i the values of inflation indicators are related by the following relationship: (1 + R / 100) = (1 + r / 100) x (1 + r₂ / 100) x (1 + r₃ / 100) x (1 + r₄ / 100),

where R, r are the annual and quarterly inflation levels, respectively.

The calculation results are also influenced by taxation. The enterprise is located in the legal framework of a state; accordingly, it must pay taxes to the state budget. By specifying the taxes paid, percentage and tax base, Project Expert allows you to quickly calculate their impact on cash flow.

Payment terms also affect calculation results. When calculating cash flows for a project, it is necessary to remember that there are some adjustments that need to be made to the already created model. It is necessary to use the principle of reasonableness and reality.

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