Neolithic art gallery in Somalia. Free Technical Library News

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Neolithic art gallery in Somalia

01.02.2005

In the west of Somalia, near the border with Ethiopia, French archaeologists found, at the suggestion of local residents, several grottoes, decorated with one and a half hundred Neolithic frescoes.

Their subjects are shepherds with herds of cows. Previously, the age of the drawings was determined at 4-5 thousand years, but archaeologists hope that some of the paints used by the Stone Age artists were mixed with milk. In this case, scrapings of paints can be dated more accurately by radiocarbon dating. The drawings give an idea of the life of the early pastoral societies in this part of the continent.

This is the largest find of prehistoric painting in Africa after frescoes discovered about half a century ago in the Tassili highlands.

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Mitochondria have their own DNA and can divide on their own, so there is no problem with their number. However, they, like everything else, wear out, age, cease to perform their functions as they should. And then the neuron simply gets rid of them: in 2014, an article was published that described how neurons “spit out” mitochondria that have become useless and how they are immediately absorbed by the service cells of the nervous system, astrocytes, whose task is to provide neurons with favorable conditions for work, in including removing a variety of molecular and cellular debris.

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The immune protein CD38 is a wake-up call, and when mice were genetically engineered to overproduce CD38, the mice's astrocytes could be observed releasing their own normal, healthy mitochondria into the environment. The nutrient fluid, together with the “spit out” mitochondria, was then transferred to the dying neurons, which absorbed them during the day, gradually coming to their senses: the neurons had more energy (literally, in the form of ATP molecules), they lived longer and even formed new processes .

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