Table of contents (expand)
- The credit system of the Russian Federation: essence, structure, meaning
- Legal basis for the activities of banks in the Russian Federation (Laws "On banks and banking activities", "On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)")
- Central banks, their functions (western model)
- Functions of the Central Bank of Russia
- Passive and active operations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Monetary regulation of the economy by the Central Bank (Western and Russian models)
- Regulation and control by the Central Bank of the activities of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Organization by the Central Bank of cash circulation in the Russian Federation
- Refinancing of commercial banks by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Operations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the open market
- The essence and purpose of the fund of required reserves of commercial banks in the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Banks of individual elite service - Private banking ("Private banking")
- Credit auctions: essence, order of organization, meaning
- Operations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on servicing the public debt of Russia
- Modern inflation: essence, causes, forms of manifestation and their types in the Russian Federation
- Money circulation and its structure
- Indicators of the volume and structure of the money supply in circulation in the Russian Federation
- Monetary systems, their main elements (Western model)
- Features of the monetary system of the Russian Federation
- Interbank loans in commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Interest rate policy of Russian banks
- Stocks: types and characteristics
- Securities in the Russian Federation. Types and characteristics
- Loan capital market: structure and functions
- Securities market: structure and functions
- Primary securities market. Methods of issue of securities
- Stock exchange: organizational and functional mechanism in the Russian Federation
- Characteristics of the secondary securities market
- Features of retail banking services - Retail banking ("Retail banking")
- The essence of money, their functions
- Theories of money and inflation
- Credit money, their types
- Bill, its essence, types
- Government securities (western model)
- Commercial banks: essence, types and role in the economy (Western model)
- Commercial banks: essence, types and role in the Russian economy
- Passive operations of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Formation of own resources of Russian banks
- Attracted resources of commercial banks in the Russian Federation
- Liability management in commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Active operations of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Loan operations of commercial banks in the Russian Federation: essence, types, characteristics
- Documents submitted by the borrower for obtaining a loan from a commercial bank of the Russian Federation
- Forms of loan security
- Operations of commercial banks of the Russian Federation with securities
- Investment activity of Russian banks
- Asset management of commercial banks
- Liquidity of credit institutions of the Russian Federation. Liquidity indicators
- Financial risks
- Characteristics of the bank's assets in terms of providing liquidity, profitability
- Forms of credit: commercial, banking, consumer, state, international
- Financial services of commercial banks (leasing, factoring, trust transactions)
- Settlement operations of commercial banks
- The main forms of cashless payments in the Russian Federation
- Formation of check circulation in the Russian Federation (checks of commercial banks)
- Main forms of international payments
- Foreign exchange operations of Russian banks
- Foreign exchange market in the Russian Federation: participants, structure
- Mortgage banks and their operations (western model, experience in the Russian Federation)
- Investment banks and their operations (western model, experience in the Russian Federation)
- Savings banks and their operations (Western model)
- Savings banks of the Russian Federation
- Insurance companies and their operations
- Pension funds and their operations
- Investment companies and investment funds (western model, experience in the Russian Federation)
- Theories of credit
- The essence, functions and role of credit in the market economy of the Russian Federation
- International financial institutions
- Essence and functions of banking marketing
- Essence and functions of banking management
- Credit, investment and financial consulting
The essence, functions and role of credit in the market economy of the Russian Federation
Credit in the conditions of the transition of the Russian Federation to the market is a form of movement of loan capital, i.e., monetary capital provided as a loan. Credit ensures the transformation of money capital into loan capital and expresses the relationship between lenders and borrowers. With its help, free cash capital and income of enterprises, the personal sector and the state are accumulated and converted into loan capital, which is transferred for temporary use for a fee. Loan capital is redistributed between industries, rushing, taking into account market guidelines, into those areas that provide higher profits or are given preference in accordance with the national economic development programs of the Russian Federation. Therefore, credit performs a redistribution function, actively used by the state in regulating production proportions and managing total monetary capital. Credit is capable of having an active impact on the volume and structure of the money supply, payment turnover, and the speed of circulation of money; during the period of the Russian Federation’s transition to a market economy, it creates the basis for accelerating the development of non-cash payments and introducing new methods of payment, which helps save circulation costs and increase the efficiency of social reproduction in general. . Thanks to credit, there is a faster process of capitalization of profits, and therefore concentration of production.
The transition of the Russian Federation to a market economy, an increase in the efficiency of its functioning, the creation of the necessary infrastructure cannot be ensured without the use and further development of credit relations. Credit stimulates the development of productive forces, accelerates the formation of sources of capital to expand reproduction based on the achievements of scientific and technological progress. Regulating the access of borrowers to the loan capital market, providing government guarantees and benefits, the state orients banks towards preferential lending to those enterprises and industries whose activities correspond to the tasks of implementing national programs of socio-economic development. Credit support plays an important role in the development of farms, small businesses, in the introduction of other types of entrepreneurial activity in the domestic and foreign economic space.
Author: Shevchuk D.A.
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