Table of contents (expand)
- The credit system of the Russian Federation: essence, structure, meaning
- Legal basis for the activities of banks in the Russian Federation (Laws "On banks and banking activities", "On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)")
- Central banks, their functions (western model)
- Functions of the Central Bank of Russia
- Passive and active operations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Monetary regulation of the economy by the Central Bank (Western and Russian models)
- Regulation and control by the Central Bank of the activities of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Organization by the Central Bank of cash circulation in the Russian Federation
- Refinancing of commercial banks by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Operations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the open market
- The essence and purpose of the fund of required reserves of commercial banks in the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Banks of individual elite service - Private banking ("Private banking")
- Credit auctions: essence, order of organization, meaning
- Operations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on servicing the public debt of Russia
- Modern inflation: essence, causes, forms of manifestation and their types in the Russian Federation
- Money circulation and its structure
- Indicators of the volume and structure of the money supply in circulation in the Russian Federation
- Monetary systems, their main elements (Western model)
- Features of the monetary system of the Russian Federation
- Interbank loans in commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Interest rate policy of Russian banks
- Stocks: types and characteristics
- Securities in the Russian Federation. Types and characteristics
- Loan capital market: structure and functions
- Securities market: structure and functions
- Primary securities market. Methods of issue of securities
- Stock exchange: organizational and functional mechanism in the Russian Federation
- Characteristics of the secondary securities market
- Features of retail banking services - Retail banking ("Retail banking")
- The essence of money, their functions
- Theories of money and inflation
- Credit money, their types
- Bill, its essence, types
- Government securities (western model)
- Commercial banks: essence, types and role in the economy (Western model)
- Commercial banks: essence, types and role in the Russian economy
- Passive operations of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Formation of own resources of Russian banks
- Attracted resources of commercial banks in the Russian Federation
- Liability management in commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Active operations of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Loan operations of commercial banks in the Russian Federation: essence, types, characteristics
- Documents submitted by the borrower for obtaining a loan from a commercial bank of the Russian Federation
- Forms of loan security
- Operations of commercial banks of the Russian Federation with securities
- Investment activity of Russian banks
- Asset management of commercial banks
- Liquidity of credit institutions of the Russian Federation. Liquidity indicators
- Financial risks
- Characteristics of the bank's assets in terms of providing liquidity, profitability
- Forms of credit: commercial, banking, consumer, state, international
- Financial services of commercial banks (leasing, factoring, trust transactions)
- Settlement operations of commercial banks
- The main forms of cashless payments in the Russian Federation
- Formation of check circulation in the Russian Federation (checks of commercial banks)
- Main forms of international payments
- Foreign exchange operations of Russian banks
- Foreign exchange market in the Russian Federation: participants, structure
- Mortgage banks and their operations (western model, experience in the Russian Federation)
- Investment banks and their operations (western model, experience in the Russian Federation)
- Savings banks and their operations (Western model)
- Savings banks of the Russian Federation
- Insurance companies and their operations
- Pension funds and their operations
- Investment companies and investment funds (western model, experience in the Russian Federation)
- Theories of credit
- The essence, functions and role of credit in the market economy of the Russian Federation
- International financial institutions
- Essence and functions of banking marketing
- Essence and functions of banking management
- Credit, investment and financial consulting
Regulation and control by the Central Bank of the activities of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
The function of general regulation of the activities of each commercial bank within the framework of the unified monetary system of the country is entrusted to the Central Bank. This regulation is designed to help ensure: the sustainability of the work and strengthening the financial position of a commercial bank; orientation and stimulation of the bank's activities in the field of lending to fulfill the priority tasks of developing the economy and improving the welfare of society; scientific organization of money circulation in the national economy. At the same time, the CBR primarily uses economic management methods (changes in the required reserve ratios placed by commercial banks with the Central Bank of the Russian Federation; changes in the volume of loans provided by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation to commercial banks, as well as interest rates on loans; conducting operations with securities and foreign currency ) and only when they are exhausted - administrative (limiting the volume of credit investments, setting limits on interest rates on loans issued by them, introducing a temporary administration, revoking a license and liquidating a bank).
Also, in order to regulate the activities of commercial banks, the Bank of Russia establishes the following economic standards for banks: the minimum amount of authorized capital; the limiting ratio between the size of the authorized capital of the bank and the amount of its assets, taking into account the risk assessment; liquidity indicators of the bank's balance sheet in the form of a standard ratio between the assets and liabilities of the bank, taking into account their maturity, as well as the possibility of selling assets; the minimum amount of required reserves deposited with the Bank of Russia as a percentage of banks' liabilities; the maximum amount of risk per borrower in the form of a certain percentage of the total amount of the bank's capital (when calculating the maximum risk, the concept of risk includes the entire amount of investments and loans to this borrower, as well as obligations issued on his behalf); limiting the size of currency and exchange rate risks; limiting the use of attracted deposits for the acquisition of shares of legal entities.
The Bank of Russia performs the functions of regulating and supervising the activities of banks to maintain the stability of the monetary system, while the Bank of Russia does not interfere in the operational activities of banks.
Author: Shevchuk D.A.
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