Menu English Ukrainian russian Home

Free technical library for hobbyists and professionals Free technical library


Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Banking. Promotions: types and characteristics (lecture notes)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Comments on the article Comments on the article

Table of contents (expand)

Stocks: types and characteristics

The share is a certificate of making a share in the capital of a joint-stock company, giving the right to control by voting, to receive income from the activities of the company, to a share in its own funds.

Registered and bearer shares are distinguished according to the method of registration. Registered shares provide for the designation of the name of the owner on the letterhead or share certificate. The name of the owner (holder) is not indicated on bearer shares. According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, shares can only be registered.

Depending on the type of rights, shares are divided into ordinary and preferred. Preferred shares (preferences, prefactions) give their holders privileges that ordinary shares do not have. The first privilege relates to assets: in the liquidation of a company, the claims to the assets of prefaction holders are satisfied in the first place compared to holders of ordinary shares. The second privilege relates to dividends: holders of prefactions usually receive a fixed dividend, expressed either in a certain amount of money or as a percentage of the nominal value. A fixed dividend is set for preferred shares when they are issued. When paying dividends, dividends on prefactions are paid first, then dividends on ordinary shares.

Author: Shevchuk D.A.

<< Back: Interest rate policy of Russian banks

>> Forward: Securities in the Russian Federation. Types and characteristics

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

International economic relations. Crib

Roman law. Lecture notes

Investments. Crib

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

The unmanned vehicle will calculate reckless drivers 04.04.2022

The University of Maryland has developed a new method for simulating the behavior of drivers on the road to train autonomous vehicles.

A traffic simulation method developed by researchers at the University of Maryland is based on classifying the behavior of other road users. This model, which the authors called CMetric, analyzes the trajectories of other drivers and pedestrians. Based on the analysis and data obtained using computer vision, the algorithm can predict the possible actions of road users.

“Using CMetric, our simulator can generate virtual motorists with different driving styles to pretrain self-driving cars,” says Angelos Mavrogiannis, one of the developers of the model. “Modeling heterogeneous driving behavior is a core element of our work. We use a deep reinforcement learning model, based on DQN (Deep Q-Network)."

The developers note that in recent years, many companies have been working on the creation of safe and reliable unmanned vehicles. However, for universal use, such machines must be able to move on a variety of roads, not collide with other vehicles, pedestrians, bicycles, animals or other obstacles.

“Despite the great interest in autonomous vehicles, current artificial intelligence methods do not take into account the behavior of human drivers or other drones on the road,” points out Professor Dinesh Manocha, co-author of the work. “The goal of our work is to create reliable technologies that will detect and classify the behavior of others traffic participants (cars, buses, trucks, bicycles, pedestrians) and use the received data when driving.

Behavior behind the wheel, according to the developers, can be divided into two main categories: conservative and aggressive driving. Conservative drivers are more careful and attentive, while aggressive drivers are prone to dangerous maneuvers and sudden movements.

Accurate detection of these behaviors can be very useful for autonomous vehicles, especially at critical moments (for example, when changing lanes or entering a highway). Understanding the actions of other drivers allows AI to adapt its trajectory accordingly, to take safety measures.

"Autonomous navigation systems are usually trained before field testing," said Rohan Chandra, co-author of the development. the navigation system can be trained to handle the complex behavior of drivers in an urban environment."

Other interesting news:

▪ Asus Taichi - dual screen laptop

▪ Made DNA analysis of the web

▪ Drinks with a sour taste make people take risks

▪ ASRock X99M-Killer USB 3.1 Motherboard

▪ Space fragrance from NASA

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

 

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Electronic directories. Article selection

▪ article When I did not drink tears from the cup of being. Popular expression

▪ article What is memory? Detailed answer

▪ Article Head of Sales. Job description

▪ article Simple amplifier. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article A semi-permeable partition retains sugar and allows water to pass through. Chemical Experience

Leave your comment on this article:

Name:


Email (optional):


A comment:





All languages ​​of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews

www.diagram.com.ua

www.diagram.com.ua
2000-2024