Table of contents (expand)
- The credit system of the Russian Federation: essence, structure, meaning
- Legal basis for the activities of banks in the Russian Federation (Laws "On banks and banking activities", "On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)")
- Central banks, their functions (western model)
- Functions of the Central Bank of Russia
- Passive and active operations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Monetary regulation of the economy by the Central Bank (Western and Russian models)
- Regulation and control by the Central Bank of the activities of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Organization by the Central Bank of cash circulation in the Russian Federation
- Refinancing of commercial banks by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Operations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on the open market
- The essence and purpose of the fund of required reserves of commercial banks in the Central Bank of the Russian Federation
- Banks of individual elite service - Private banking ("Private banking")
- Credit auctions: essence, order of organization, meaning
- Operations of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation on servicing the public debt of Russia
- Modern inflation: essence, causes, forms of manifestation and their types in the Russian Federation
- Money circulation and its structure
- Indicators of the volume and structure of the money supply in circulation in the Russian Federation
- Monetary systems, their main elements (Western model)
- Features of the monetary system of the Russian Federation
- Interbank loans in commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Interest rate policy of Russian banks
- Stocks: types and characteristics
- Securities in the Russian Federation. Types and characteristics
- Loan capital market: structure and functions
- Securities market: structure and functions
- Primary securities market. Methods of issue of securities
- Stock exchange: organizational and functional mechanism in the Russian Federation
- Characteristics of the secondary securities market
- Features of retail banking services - Retail banking ("Retail banking")
- The essence of money, their functions
- Theories of money and inflation
- Credit money, their types
- Bill, its essence, types
- Government securities (western model)
- Commercial banks: essence, types and role in the economy (Western model)
- Commercial banks: essence, types and role in the Russian economy
- Passive operations of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Formation of own resources of Russian banks
- Attracted resources of commercial banks in the Russian Federation
- Liability management in commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Active operations of commercial banks of the Russian Federation
- Loan operations of commercial banks in the Russian Federation: essence, types, characteristics
- Documents submitted by the borrower for obtaining a loan from a commercial bank of the Russian Federation
- Forms of loan security
- Operations of commercial banks of the Russian Federation with securities
- Investment activity of Russian banks
- Asset management of commercial banks
- Liquidity of credit institutions of the Russian Federation. Liquidity indicators
- Financial risks
- Characteristics of the bank's assets in terms of providing liquidity, profitability
- Forms of credit: commercial, banking, consumer, state, international
- Financial services of commercial banks (leasing, factoring, trust transactions)
- Settlement operations of commercial banks
- The main forms of cashless payments in the Russian Federation
- Formation of check circulation in the Russian Federation (checks of commercial banks)
- Main forms of international payments
- Foreign exchange operations of Russian banks
- Foreign exchange market in the Russian Federation: participants, structure
- Mortgage banks and their operations (western model, experience in the Russian Federation)
- Investment banks and their operations (western model, experience in the Russian Federation)
- Savings banks and their operations (Western model)
- Savings banks of the Russian Federation
- Insurance companies and their operations
- Pension funds and their operations
- Investment companies and investment funds (western model, experience in the Russian Federation)
- Theories of credit
- The essence, functions and role of credit in the market economy of the Russian Federation
- International financial institutions
- Essence and functions of banking marketing
- Essence and functions of banking management
- Credit, investment and financial consulting
Attracted resources of commercial banks in the Russian Federation
The attracted funds of commercial banks form the predominant part of banking resources and consist of deposits (deposits) and credits (loans) received by the bank. Acceptance of funds from depositors and other creditors is the main type of passive operations of banks.
The main source of attracted funds are deposits, which make up a significant part of all liabilities of commercial banks. Deposits are divided into the following types: demand deposits, time and savings deposits, and are the main source of banking resources.
Demand deposits (termless deposits) can be withdrawn by the depositor or transferred to another person at the first request of the owner. A current account is opened for the depositor, on which one can receive cash at any time or write out a check (or other settlement and payment document). The vast majority of exchange transactions (payment turnover) is carried out with the help of demand deposits, which perform the function of a medium of exchange.
Term deposits are credited to deposit accounts for an indefinite period and interest is paid on them. The owner of the deposit receives a certificate of deposit, which indicates the invested amount, interest rate, maturity and other terms of the agreement. The interest rate depends on the size and term of the deposit. Term deposits cannot be withdrawn by checks. Before the due date of the payment, the depositor can withdraw the deposit only after prior notice provided for by the agreement. On occasion, deposits may be withdrawn without prior notice, but in doing so, the client generally loses interest in the form of a penalty for early withdrawal.
Banks can issue time deposits for any amount with any characteristics.
Most varieties of certificates are not transferable to another person, and therefore can only be converted into cash by returning them to the bank that issued them.
Large size certificates of deposit are a new type of certificates. They attract large firms and banks, are short-term (issued for a period of not more than a year) and can be transferred to another person. The owner of such a certificate can sell it for cash before maturity on the secondary market. These certificates are bought by investors involved in securities transactions.
Term deposits for the bank, as a rule, are more attractive, because for a certain period they allow it to keep a smaller reserve (i.e., provide liquidity) than demand deposits (which can be withdrawn at any time).
Savings deposits are non-checkable, interest-bearing deposits that can be withdrawn immediately. There are the following types of deposits: savings book accounts (the depositor must present the book in order to make a deposit or withdrawal); accounts with a statement of the state of the savings deposit (the depositor deals with the bank through the mail without using savings books); money market deposit accounts. The latter are a new type of savings deposits that do not use a savings book to record transactions, and the interest rates are adjusted weekly by each bank independently in accordance with changing market conditions.
The deposits described above are the main source of bank resources. The structure of deposits in commercial banks varies depending on the money market conditions and state regulation of the rate of interest on deposits. By carrying out passive transactions related to deposits, managers control the situation, taking into account the volume of costs for different categories of deposits, possible risks, and make efforts to attract deposits and optimize their structure.
Author: Shevchuk D.A.
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