3-phase electric boiler. Drawing, description

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3-phase electric boiler. Tips for the home master

Builder, home master

If you want to have efficient heating and cleanliness in your house and other premises, an electric boiler operating from a three-phase 380 V network will help you out, either independently or in conjunction with a solid or liquid fuel boiler.

The boiler is a steel tank welded from a piece of metal pipe. Water heating is carried out with the help of tubular electric heaters (TEHs) with a total capacity of 6 kW. The author used it as an auxiliary for joint work with a solid fuel boiler, and then with a liquid fuel boiler. This greatly improves the efficiency of home heating.

Observations show that for a house in Ukraine with an area of up to 50 m2, a boiler power of 6 kW is enough. An area of about 80 m2 will require about 10-12 kW. In this case, you can use two of the proposed electric boilers in parallel or make one of greater power.

Rice. 1. Household electric boiler (click to enlarge): 1 - heated water outlet pipe; 2 - tank; 3 - heating element; 4 - cold water inlet pipe; 5 - upper flange with a sealing gasket; 6 - pallet; 7 - bottom flange; 8 - pallet cover; 9 - the bottom of the tank (the base of the heating element); 10 - hole for the power cord; 11 - gasket

3-phase electric boiler
Rice. 2. Electrical diagram of the boiler: A - automatic machine AP-50-ZMT; TEN - tubular electric heater; C, P - push-button station; MP - magnetic starter; TP - temperature sensor-relay TR-0M5-03; R - relay; T - toggle switch; Pr - fuse

The electric boiler can operate in manual and automatic mode. The use of simple automation allows you to maintain a predetermined temperature in the room (for example, within 18-20 ° C) and significantly save energy.

To operate the boiler in manual mode, turn off the toggle switch T. Then press the "Start" button (P). If at this time the air in the room is colder than the upper adjustable limit (that is, contacts 1-3 of the TP temperature relay are closed), the magnetic starter will work, which will turn on the heating elements and block the "Start" button with its auxiliary contacts. Water is being heated. When the set temperature is reached in the room, the contacts of the TP relay switch, which opens the power supply circuit of the magnetic starter. The electric boiler is turned off. It can only be restarted with the "Start" button.

To operate the boiler in automatic mode, turn on the T switch. In this case, the air temperature in the room will be maintained within the limits of the TP relay contact. When the air is cooled to a predetermined adjustable limit by contacts 1 - З TP, the electric boiler is switched on. When the required temperature is reached, the TP relay contacts switch, the P relay is activated, which breaks the power supply circuit of the magnetic starter. The boiler is switched off. Then the cycles are repeated.

The electric boiler is connected to the heating system by outlets; when working with another boiler, place it nearby.

The electrical part is mounted in the electrical panel. It contains an automatic machine, a magnetic starter, a relay and control buttons. The arrangement of parts is arbitrary. It depends on the dimensions of the cabinet and the available parts. Installation must be carried out by an experienced electrician in accordance with the current "Electrical Installation Rules". Pay special attention to the quality of the grounding device - its reliability and general condition should be checked by measurements at least once a year, and also after each major overhaul. Measurements should be carried out by a specialized organization with the issuance of a measurement protocol.

Install the TR-OM5-OE room temperature sensor-relay cylinder on the wall of the room that best characterizes the thermal regime of the house. Adjust the sensor-relay to the desired room temperature. In the absence of the proposed temperature sensor, others can be used, but in this case it may be necessary to change the electrical circuit.

The reliability and safety of the electric boiler has been tested for 10 years. However, if installed incorrectly, as well as in case of violation of the operating rules, it can pose an increased danger. To avoid this, the following rules must be followed:

1. It is impossible to install shutoff valves before and after the electric boiler.

2. The bodies of the electric boiler and electrical panel must be reliably grounded.

3. Dielectric mats should be placed on the floor in front of the electric boiler and the electrical panel.

4. Before putting the boiler into operation, it is necessary to present it to the inspector of the State Energy Supervision Authority to obtain a permit for operation.

5. Electric boiler repairs can only be carried out by an experienced electrician.

Otherwise, the electric boiler cannot be operated.

Author: P.Kravchuk

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