Anthropology. Social problems of anthropology (most important)

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Anthropology. Social problems of anthropology (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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29. SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF ANTHROPOLOGY

Social work includes a set of means, techniques, methods and methods of human activity aimed at social protection of the population, at work with various social, sex and age, religious, ethnic groups, with individuals in need of social assistance and protection.

In the context of changing many ideas about the nature of social assistance to the population, great demands began to be made both on the content of the practice of social work and on the training of professional workers for the social sphere. Of great importance is knowledge in those areas that allow a specialist to consider the content of social work through its functions.

A social worker needs knowledge of an integration socio-anthropological, socio-medical, psychological and pedagogical direction, which allows him to provide practical assistance to needy, socially vulnerable segments of the population.

Social education forms the professional and moral qualities of a specialist on the basis of a body of scientific knowledge in such sections of the social sciences and humanities as social anthropology, psychology, pedagogy, social ecology, and social work. This series includes social medicine, social gerontology, rehabilitation and other sciences.

The most important part of social knowledge is the study of man himself and his relationship with nature and society. The human community as a complex system of relationships, subject, like all complex systems, to the probabilistic laws of development, needs an integrated approach in the study and analysis of all spheres of human life.

The training of specialists in the field of social work is impossible without broad social education, the correct prioritization of universal values, scientific justification of the concept of social work, taking into account the relationship between biological and social in a person, without scientific understanding and assessment of the nature of socialization, studying its constituent components, the structure and relationships of an integral system .

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Printing of flexible electronic circuits on elastic materials and fabrics 18.04.2015

Researchers at Purdue University in the US have developed a method for printing flexible and stretchable electrical conductors on virtually any surface, including elastic materials and fabrics. The method makes it easy to master production on an industrial scale.

To apply conductive circuits to an elastic material, a group of scientists led by John William Boley, Ph.D., used a conventional inkjet printer, but instead of ink, they placed a suspension of metal particles in the cartridge.

The suspension was prepared by the destruction of "liquid metal" (liquid metal). The microparticles of the material obtained as a result of destruction were placed in ethanol, and the resulting mixture was whipped into suspension under the action of ultrasound.

“Liquid metal itself cannot be printed. So we turned it into a slurry that easily passes through the nozzles of the print head,” said Rebecca Kramer, one of the participants in the study. “And now we can apply flexible circuits to almost anything whatever."

After applying the suspension to the material, the ethanol evaporates, and only "liquid metal" particles remain on it.

However, the resulting printed circuit does not conduct current. In order for it to become conductive, it must be "activated", put pressure on it so that the particles of the "liquid metal" stick together with each other. This opens up certain possibilities for the manufacturer: he can create one circuit template and give the circuit different functionality in different products, activating only some of its sections, while leaving the rest non-conductive.

The researchers believe that the new method will make it easy to print electronic circuits on clothes and create new types of wearable devices, and will also find application in robotics - to create humanoid machines. "Conductors made from 'liquid metal' can stretch and deform without breaking," Kramer said.

The researchers did not explain how they propose to apply electronic components to elastic materials.

Going forward, the research team plans to investigate whether and how the conductance of liquid-metal flex circuits is affected by the substrate material they are applied to. And also invent a technology for automatically activating the circuit after it is printed.

We add that flexible electronics has been of interest to engineers for a long time. In 2009, scientists from the US and Germany developed a new type of semiconductor ink that can be applied to a product using a special inkjet printer.

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