Anthropology. Culture of modern society (most important)

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Anthropology. Culture of modern society (most important)

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28. CULTURE OF MODERN SOCIETY

The culture of modern society is a combination of different layers of culture, i.e. the dominant culture, subcultures and even countercultures. In any society, high culture (elitist) and folk culture (folklore) can be distinguished. The development of mass media has led to the formation of the so-called mass culture, simplified in terms of meaning and art, technologically accessible to everyone. Mass culture, especially with its strong commercialization, is capable of displacing both high and folk culture.

The presence of subcultures is an indicator of the diversity of the culture of society, its ability to adapt and develop. There are military, medical, student, peasant, Cossack subcultures. We can talk about the presence of an urban subculture, its national specificity with its own system of values.

According to R. Williams, American and Russian cultures are characterized by:

▪ personal success, activity and hard work, efficiency and usefulness at work, owning things as a sign of well-being in life, a strong family, etc. (American culture);

▪ friendly relations, respect for neighbors and comrades, detente, escape from real life, tolerant attitude towards people of other nationalities, the personality of a leader, director (Russian culture). Modern Russian culture is also characterized by a phenomenon that sociologists have called the Westernization of cultural needs and interests, primarily of youth groups. The values of national culture are being supplanted or replaced by examples of mass culture, focused on achieving the standards of the American way of life in its most primitive and simplified perception.

Many Russians, and especially young ones, are characterized by the absence of ethno-cultural or national self-identification, they cease to perceive themselves as Russians, lose their Russianness. The socialization of young people takes place either on the traditional Soviet or on the Western model of education, in any case, non-national. Most young people perceive Russian culture as an anachronism. The lack of national self-identification among Russian youth leads to an easier penetration of Westernized values into the youth environment.

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