60. PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION OF TRADING AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN THE WAREHOUSE

Trade and technological processes in warehouses consist of a set of operations that are associated with the unloading of transport, preparation for the acceptance and acceptance of goods, their placement and storage, preparation for vacation and vacation. All operations in the warehouse are divided into main and auxiliary.

All- these are operations related to the acceptance, storage, sorting and release of products.

Auxiliary - these are operations related to unloading vehicles, packaging, etc.

Trade and technological processes are affected by:

1) the size of incoming and outgoing consignments of goods;

2) the degree of complexity of the assortment;

3) physical and chemical properties of goods;

4) conditions and procedure for storage of goods;

5) availability and condition of storage facilities;

6) equipment.

The scheme of organization of trade and technological processes includes the following steps:

1) unloading transport;

2) acceptance of goods;

3) placement of goods for storage;

4) storage of goods;

5) selection of goods;

6) acquisition and packaging of goods;

7) route picking of goods;

8) movement of goods to the loading area;

9) loading of goods. For individual warehouses, depending on the range of goods and mechanization systems, some adjustments may be made regarding the performance of individual operations.

Principles of organization of trade and technological processes in the warehouse:

1) systematicity - involves the development of a calendar plan for the receipt and release of goods by day and week, which allows for advance preparation for unloading, acceptance and placement of goods in the warehouse, and better use of material and technical resources;

2) uniformity and continuity - involves the distribution of operations by hours, days and weeks. This ensures the uninterrupted operation of warehouses throughout the working hours;

3) rational organization of the flow of goods - provides for the shortest ways to move goods in a warehouse, reducing the duration of individual operations;

4) mechanization and automation of operations - designed to facilitate the performance of labor-intensive work, increase the productivity of warehouse workers and reduce labor costs and funds;

5) efficient use of space, capacity and trade and technological equipment - aimed at ensuring more rational use of the material and technical base of the warehouse;

6) ensuring the safety of inventory assets - involves reducing commodity losses that arise during the implementation of trade and technological processes, and increasing the responsibility of financially responsible persons for careful handling of goods;

7) distribution of duties between individual performers of trade and technological processes - provides for the assignment of individual employees to individual areas of work and increasing their responsibility for the quality of work performed.

The main directions for improving trade and technological processes in warehouses:

1) introduction of progressive methods for performing warehouse operations;

2) the use of modern trade and technological equipment, machines and devices;

3) mechanization and automation of warehouse operations;

4) development and implementation of scientific organization of labor and management.

Author: Shepeleva A.Yu.

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