Logistics. Basic concepts of logistics systems (most important)

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Logistics. Basic concepts of logistics systems (most important)

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4. BASIC CONCEPTS OF LOGISTICS SYSTEMS

Logistic system - an ordered set (set) of elements that are in certain relationships with each other, forming a certain integrity and performing certain logistics functions.

Properties of the logistics system:

1) integrity and articulation - the logistics system is a set of elements interacting with each other;

2) complexity - a large number of elements, the complex nature of the interaction between individual elements, the complexity of functions, a complex management system, due to the impact on the logistics system of a significant number of factors of the internal and external environment;

3) mobility - the variability of the parameters of the elements of the logistics system under the influence of the external environment, as well as decisions made by participants in the supply chain;

4) uniqueness, unpredictability and uncertainty of behavior in specific conditions and under the influence of the external environment;

5) adaptability - the ability of the logistics system to change its structure and choose behaviors in accordance with new goals and under the influence of the external environment.

Element of the logistics system - a functionally isolated object that performs a local target function.

Logistic function - an enlarged group of operations that are homogeneous in terms of their purpose and aimed at realizing the goals of the logistics system.

Logistics channel - a partially ordered set of enterprises and organizations that carry out the transfer of material flow from the manufacturer to consumers.

Logistics chain - an ordered set of elements of the logistics system (a set of enterprises and organizations that carry out operations to bring the flow from one system to another), integrated by the material (information or financial) flow in order to analyze or synthesize logistics procedures.

Logistics network - a set of elements of the logistics system, interconnected in terms of material and accompanying information and financial flows. Logistical tasks are not solved in isolation, but in a complex. This takes into account the diversity of influencing factors of the internal and external environment - technical, technological, economic, legal and organizational.

The main method of studying logistics systems is the system method. Any object in this approach is considered as a complex of interconnected subsystems, a set consisting of regularly structured and organized elements, each of which performs its own separate function, but all together they are focused on achieving one common goal. A systematic approach is the systematization and integration of objects or knowledge about them by establishing significant links between them.

One of the main tasks of systemic research in logistics is the identification and analysis of laws and relationships common to various functional areas of logistics activity. Interdisciplinary nature of laws, concepts and research methods.

Author: Shepeleva A.Yu.

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